Assessment of crop residue and palm shell biochar incorporation on greenhouse gas emissions during the fallow and crop growing seasons of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)

Basalirwa, Daniel; Sudo, Shigeto; Wacal, Cosmas; Fuyumi, Akae; Oo, Aung Zaw; Koyama, Sho; Sasagawa, Daisuke; Yamamoto, Seiji; Masunaga, Tsugiyuki; Nishihara, Eiji

doi:10.1016/j.still.2019.104435

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The peaks of soil CO 2 emissions observed immediately after the incorporation of broccoli residue were mainly due to the relatively low C:N ratio of the residues, which favored rapid degradation. These results are consistent with those of other studies that have also shown an effect on soil CO 2 and N 2 O emissions soon after the incorporation of crop residues with low C:N ratios (Basalirwa et al., 2020; Toderi et al., 2022; Yonemura et al., 2014). Soil tillage also resulted in a soil–CO 2 emissions peak in all treatments, although a much smaller peak was observed in those without residue incorporation (Figure 1 and Figure S3).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Future studies are needed to clarify the biodegradation rate possible in this soil; incubation studies possibly coupled with in‐field studies, such as the quantification of remaining polymers by using extraction techniques and nuclear magnetic resonance, would provide useful data (e.g., Nelson et al., 2020). Future studies could also test other soil CO 2 efflux monitoring techniques such as closed chambers in combination with a high‐precision IRGA system (Basalirwa et al., 2020; Toderi et al., 2022; Yonemura et al., 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of crop residue incorporation on soil‐biodegradable mulch film degradation in a broccoli‐sorghum rotation system

Francioni,

Hoshino,

Kishimoto‐Mo

2023

Agronomy Journal

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Soil‐biodegradable mulch films are designed to be incorporated into the soil at the end of the crop cycle, to be degraded by soil microorganisms. Despite scientific community's growing interest, open field studies on these mulch films are rare, with most research conducted in laboratories. We performed an open‐field trial to evaluate the effect of combining a commercial soil‐biodegradable mulch film with incorporation of broccoli and sorghum crop residues over two cropping seasons. The mulch film was sampled after broccoli harvesting and placed inside mesh bags that were buried horizontally or vertically at different depths. Film biodegradation was assessed by direct (CO2 emissions) and indirect indicators (film mass and area loss). Three experiments were conducted to evaluate a) how incorporating crop residues affect mulch film degradation; b) temporal changes of soil microbial activity after incorporation of crop residues and mulch films; and c) possible bias in measurement of soil CO2 emissions due to horizontal mesh bag orientation. Incorporation of crop residues enhanced mulch film degradation and significantly increased soil esterase activity. However, abundances of soil fungi and bacteria in bulk soil were not enhanced by mulch film presence. Mesh bag orientation did not alter the soil CO2 efflux or affect the degradation degree of mulch films. Film in mesh bags buried at 15 cm depth showed greater degradation than that buried at 5 cm. Future in‐field studies are necessary to evaluate the effects of different crop residues incorporation and of other management practices such as different soil tillage regime.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of crop residue incorporation on soil‐biodegradable mulch film degradation in a broccoli‐sorghum rotation system

Francioni,

Hoshino,

Kishimoto‐Mo

2023

Agronomy Journal

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“…3b). Basalirwa et al (2020) studied and reported that N 2 O emissions increased in medium textured soils after the biochar amendment. Cayuela et al (2014) studied and reported that the application of biochar in coarse soils did not show any positive effect.…”

Section: Soil Texturementioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous oxide emission from agricultural soils: Application of animal manure or biochar? A global meta-analysis

Shakoor

Shahzad

Chatterjee³

et al. 2021

Journal of Environmental Management

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Organic amendments (animal manure and biochar) to agricultural soils may enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) contents, improve soil fertility and crop productivity but also contribute to global warming through nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emission. However, the effects of organic amendments on N 2 O emissions from agricultural soils seem variable among numerous research studies and remains uncertain. Here, eighty-five publications (peer-reviewed) were selected to perform a meta-analysis study. The results of this meta-analysis study show that the application of animal manure enhanced N 2 O emissions by 17.7%, whereas, biochar amendment significantly mitigated N 2 O emissions by 19.7%. Moreover, coarse textured soils increased [lnRR = 182.6%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 151.4%, 217.7%] N 2 O emission after animal manure, in contrast, N 2 O emission mitigated by 7.0% from coarse textured soils after biochar amendment. In addition, this study found that 121-320 kg N ha − 1 and ⩽ 30 T ha − 1 application rates of animal manure and biochar mitigated N 2 O emissions by 72.3% and 22.5%, respectively. Soil pH also played a vital role in regulating the N 2 O emissions after organic amendments. Furthermore, > 10 soil C: N ratios increased N 2 O emissions by 121.4% and 27.6% after animal and biochar amendments, respectively. Overall, animal manure C: N ratios significantly enhanced N 2 O emissions, while, biochar C: N ratio had not shown any effect on N 2 O emissions. Overall, average N 2 O emission factors (EFs) for animal manure and biochar amendments were 0.46% and − 0.08%, respectively. Thus, the results of this meta-analysis study provide scientific evidence about how organic amendments such as animal manure and biochar regulating the N 2 O emission from agricultural soils.

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“…Most studies have reported the benefits of biochar amendment in soils, both in terms of improving plant performance and the environmental area, with a reduction in nutrient losses due to leaching [39][40][41]. The sustainability of cauliflower production may be improved by adopting biochar [42,43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Biochar to Improve the Sustainable Crop Production of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.)

Losacco

Tumolo

Cotugno

et al. 2022

Plants

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In agriculture, biochar (B) application has been suggested as a green technology to reduce nitrate pollution from agricultural origins and improve crop yield. The agronomic impact of B use on soil has been extensively studied, while knowledge of its possible effects on horticultural cultivation is still scarce. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of using biochar in soils treated with two different rates of nitrogen fertilizers on soil properties and nitrogen (N) leachate. This study also investigated the vegetative parameters during the crop growing season of Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis. Soil mesocosms were set up to test the following treatments: untreated/control (C); normal dose of N fertilizer (130 kg N ha−1) (ND); ND+B; high dose of N fertilizer (260 kg N ha−1) (HD); and HD+B. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were exploited to assess biochar's ability to reduce nitrate leaching and enhance soil–vegetative properties. Biochar addition affected the soil chemical properties of the fertilized microcosms (ND and HD). Biochar increased the content in HD soil and the in ND soil by 26 mg/L and 48.76 mg/L, respectively. The results showed that biochar application increased the marketable cauliflower yield. In ND+B and HD+B, the curd weight was 880.68 kg and 1097.60 kg, respectively. In addition, a small number of nitrogenous compounds in the leachate were quantified in experimental lines with the biochar. Therefore, biochar use improves the marketable yield of horticulture, mitigating the negative impacts associated with the mass use of N fertilizers in agriculture.

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Assessment of crop residue and palm shell biochar incorporation on greenhouse gas emissions during the fallow and crop growing seasons of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)

Cited by 24 publications

References 63 publications

Effects of crop residue incorporation on soil‐biodegradable mulch film degradation in a broccoli‐sorghum rotation system

Effects of crop residue incorporation on soil‐biodegradable mulch film degradation in a broccoli‐sorghum rotation system

Nitrous oxide emission from agricultural soils: Application of animal manure or biochar? A global meta-analysis

Use of Biochar to Improve the Sustainable Crop Production of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.)

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