Assessment of Cytokine Expression Profile in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Before and After Chemotherapy

Abstract

Objective: One of the major goals of cancer treatment is the monitoring of chemotherapeutic protocols. Quantitative and comparative cytokine expression profiling could be reliable to be used for biomarkers in deadly and fast-growing cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The present study aims to assess and further validate cytokines with probable effects on proliferation and maturation of blood cells in AML.Materials and Methods: Gene expression levels of IL-1β, IL-10, IL-8, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were analyzed before and after chemotherapy and after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) therapy in 46 AML patients by an in-house quantitative comparative RT-PCR method.Results: Our findings indicated that although the gene expression level of TNF-α was almost constant in all 3 samples, IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-10 expression levels showed a decrease after chemotherapy and an increase after G-CSF therapy. On the other hand, the expression level of IFN-γ had a different pattern with an increase after chemotherapy and a decrease after G-CSF therapy. Conclusion: Taken together, the results of this study are in support of the idea that the analyzed cytokines could be useful biomarkers for AML treatment monitoring. However, further molecular epidemiological investigations are suggested to elaborate more cancer monitoring biomarkers.

Prognostic Factors and Survival in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cases: a Report from the Northeast of Iran

“…Therefore, higher WBC level and fever can be more risk factors in AML patients. In one study, 28.2% patients were diagnosed with AML type M2 and 19.6% with M4, respectively (Sepehrizadeh et al, 2014). A researcher (Ghosh et al, 2003), reported that the most frequency FAB subtype, in all age groups, was AML-M2.…”

“…In study 2 (Ayremlou et al, 2012), the mean age in AML patients was 44.7 years that 56.3% were male. In study 3 (Sepehrizadeh et al, 2014), the mean age of patients was 35 years (range, 15-63 years), 36.9% were male. In our study in Iran, the result was near to other studies in Iran.…”

Cytokine levels in patients with non-M3 myeloid leukemia are key indicators of how well the disease responds to chemotherapy.

“…Several studies have recently demonstrated that cytokine pro le expression in AML and other diseases is predictive of disease [18,19] . Relapse occurs in approximately 70% of patients with AML within 2 to 3 years after initial recovery, and may be associated with either pre-AML cells that survive chemotherapy or remaining AML cells in the patient [20] .…”

Do COVID-19 Infections Result in a Different Form of Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

“…Chemotherapeutic triggers cell lysis and necrosis, resulting in a release of IL-5, IL-13, IL-10, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-1β, further potentiated by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes [ 21 , 22 ]. Chemotherapy can also increase underlying single nucleotide polymorphism or subclinical mutation leading to development of HLH [ 21 , 23 , 24 ].…”