Assessment of Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and Oxidative Stress of Dibutyl Phthalate on Cultured Bovine Peripheral Lymphocytes

Abstract

Recently, there have been numerous reports showing that phthalates have negative human health impacts and may cause several diseases such as asthma, breast cancer, obesity, type II diabetes, and male infertility. Animals are also exposed to phthalates through the environment and can cause adverse health effects on them. Several studies have been found on the cytogenetic effects of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on different organisms but no documented evidence has been found on the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on bovine cultured lymphocytes. MTT assay was performed on different series of DBP concentrations (10 μM, 20 μM, 30 μM, 50 μM, 70 μM, 100 μM). A concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability was observed by the DBP. The LD50, LD50/2, and 2 ∗ LD50 were found to be 50 μM, 30 μM, and 80 μM on bovine lymphocytes, respectively. Then, these concentrations of DBP were utilized to perform comet, micronucleus assays, and oxidative stress. A concentration-dependent increase in DNA damage, oxidative stress, and micronuclei formation was observed in lymphocytes by the DBP as compared to the control group. Highest genotoxic effects were observed at a concentration of 2 ∗ LD50. Similarly, total oxidative stress was found higher, and antioxidative stress was lower in concentration-dependent manner by the DBP. The current study revealed a significant cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative stress of DBP on cultured bovine lymphocytes.

Regulation of redox profile and genomic stability by physical exercise contributes to neuroprotection in mice with experimental glioblastoma.

“…The results of this study suggested that the GBM group had higher tail intensity in the liver in the comet assay compared with the trained groups, and these results were reversed with physical training. Observations made using the comet test suggest that genomic injuries can lead to mutations [50][51][52]. Our results showed that the group that received GL261 cells and did not exercise had higher tail intensity in hepatocytes compared with the trained sham and GBM groups, indicating greater DNA damage, which has been previously observed in studies that associate comet assay and physical exercise.…”

Regulation of Redox Profile and Genomic Instability by Physical Exercise Contributes to Neuroprotection in Mice with Experimental Glioblastoma

“…The results of this study suggested that the GBM group had higher tail intensity in the liver in the comet assay compared with the trained groups, and these results were reversed with physical training. Observations made using the comet test suggest that genomic injuries can lead to mutations [49][50][51]. Our results showed that the group that received GL261 cells and did not exercise had higher tail intensity in hepatocytes compared with the trained sham and GBM groups, indicating greater DNA damage, which has been previously observed in studies that associate comet assay and physical exercise.…”

Evaluation of DNA Damage, Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress, and Status of Antioxidant Enzymes in Freshwater Fish (Labeo rohita) Exposed to Pyriproxyfen

“…Under normal physiological conditions, cells are capable of counterbalancing the noxious effects of ROS with the antioxidant defense system which consists of free radical scavengers such as SOD, GSH, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and CAT. When production of free radicals exceeds the body's antioxidant defense system, it results in oxidative stress [42]. It is imposed on cells due to increase in oxidant generation, a decrease in antioxidant protection, and failure in the repair of oxidative damage [43][44][45][46] in the form of severe damage to cellular macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, and DNA, resulting in detrimental effects on cells [47][48][49][50].…”