Assessment of damages in fault rupture–shallow foundation interaction due to the existence of underground structures

Azizkandi, Alireza Saeedi; Ghavami, Sadegh; Baziar, Mohammad Hassan; Hasanaklou, Sajjad Heidari

doi:10.1016/j.tust.2019.04.005

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Numerous studies have focused on the tunnel crossings through active fault paths and the damage caused by fault offsets, including field studies [7,13], theoretical analyses [14], numerical simulations [1,4,5,[15][16][17][18][19], and experimental tests [2,5,15,[20][21][22].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ruptures due to seismic loadings may interact with underground and surface structures and cause damage to buildings, bridges, dams, and underground structures such as tunnels and pipelines [1][2][3][4][5]. There are two main categories of seismic damages for underground structures, (1) produced by permanent ground deformation (PGD) caused by the earthquake activity, and (2) caused by severe seismic shaking due to seismic wave propagation [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interaction of Segmental Tunnel Linings and Dip-Slip Faults—Tabriz Subway Tunnels

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In some subsurface urban development projects, bedrock faults intersecting with the tunnel path are inevitable. Due to the high costs of urban tunnel projects, it is necessary to study the behavior of such concrete structures under fault movement risks. Using an advanced 3D numerical finite difference code and a plastic hardening constitutive model for the soil, this paper examined the performance of the straight and oblique segmented structures of Tabriz Subway Line 2 under large deformations. The Tabriz Line 2 tunnel passes through a reverse fault called the Baghmisheh Fault. The fault–tunnel simulations were validated by centrifuge tests on the segmental tunnel for normal faulting. In the centrifuge tests and validation models, there was a maximum difference of 15%. According to the results of the Tabriz Line 2 tunnel under reverse faulting, segmental structures outperform no-joint linings when it comes to fault movement. During reverse fault movement, line 2 segments did not collapse but showed slight deformations. However, continuous structures collapsed under faulting, i.e., the structural forces created exceeded the section strength capacity. Among the segmental structures, the lining with oblique joints showed better behavior against faulting than the lining with straight joints. For better tunnel performance under fault movement, oblique joints should be used in segmental structures in faulting areas.

show abstract

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Segmental Tunnel Linings and Dip-Slip Faults—Tabriz Subway Tunnels

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To implement a well-designed reduced-scale model of each pile, wall, and other structures similar to the prototype, it is of paramount importance to make the bending stiffness (EI) of them equivalent using the following equation: (Hayward e al. 2000;Abdoun et al 2003;Knappett and Madabhushi, 2009;Azizkandi et al 2019;Baziar et al 2020). Such simulation was used before, by Choo et al (2010) and Zeping et al (2014), when an aluminum plate was implemented to model the bending stiffness of the prototype concrete face in the concrete-faced rock-fill dam.…”

Section: Physical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centrifugal and Numerical Investigation of Surface Fault Rupture Hazard Mitigation for Shallow Foundations Using Micro-Piles 

Azizkandi¹,

Majidi²,

Ghavami³

2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Surface fault rupturing mostly contributes to either large-scale destruction or minor damage of the constructions and the infrastructures which are built across fault zones. Among the numerous mitigation strategies which have been suggested, a novel approach refers to implementing expanded polystyrene sheets (EPS) wall to deviate the fault rupture. However, the shallow foundations which are protected by EPS walls still rotate in some particular positions toward the fault rupture. This study investigates the probability of deviating the reverse fault rupture by installing a strong inclined wall (SIW) beneath the surface foundation both physically and numerically. Due to the effectiveness of adopting the mentioned method, a further three-dimensional (3D) finite-element (FE) modeling is conducted, employing the validated numerical model to divide the SIW into a row of strong inclined micro-piles (SIMPs). The installation of SIMPs in both a convenient and environmentally friendly strategy was carried out and the pivotal parameters of designing such micro-piles including their diameter, the angle of installation, and the optimal distance between each two-consecutive implemented micro-piles were investigated in a parametric study. The results indicate that executing a well-designed row of micro-piles with the proper angle of installation can protect a surface foundation against a reverse fault rupture.

show abstract

“…In numerical simulation, Zucca et al [19,20] conducted an extensive series of numerical simulations to study the seismic response of a shallow multi-propped underground structure embedded in granular soils. Azizkandi et al [21] conducted a numerical study to investigate the interaction effects of tunnels on reverse faults and shallow foundations. They analyzed the influence of factors such as ground location, tunnel depth, diameter, and the relative position of the tunnel to the fault zone on the response of shallow foundations to fault rupture under free-field conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Mechanical Response of Tunnels Crossing Active Faults in Different Burial Depths

Zhang,

Zhao,

Cui

2023

Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are numerous tunnels worldwide that cross active fault zones. These tunnels are situated in complex geological environments and are subjected to intense seismic activities. When active fault zones experience displacement, tunnels are susceptible to varying degrees of damage. Over the past few decades, many scholars have researched tunnels crossing active fault zones using numerical simulation methods, including finite element analysis, discrete element analysis, and finite difference methods. However, certain aspects have been overlooked, such as the influence of burial depth on tunnels crossing active fault zones. Most prior studies have primarily omitted consideration of tunnel depth and high-stress effects, resulting in disparities between research findings and practical engineering outcomes. In light of these issues, this paper analyzes the impact of ground stress fields at different burial depths on tunnels crossing active fault zones. It compares the mechanical response characteristics of deep-buried and shallow-buried tunnels after experiencing fault displacement, elucidating variations in displacement patterns, stress, and strain at different burial depths. The results indicate that: (1) Deep-buried and shallow-buried tunnels exhibit an “S”-shaped deformation pattern. (2) Regarding the strain distribution within the tunnel, the affected regions are predominantly concentrated within the fault zone. (3) Regarding the stress distribution within the tunnel, deep-buried tunnels experience a broader range of stress variations distributed across the fault zone. In contrast, shallow-buried tunnels predominantly exhibit stress concentration at the fault slip plane. (4) By analyzing the patterns of tunnel damage at different burial depths, it is observed that burial-depth effects notably influence tunnels with a burial depth less than 200 m. In comparison, tunnels exceeding 300 m gradually reduce the impact of burial depth. These findings can be essential theoretical references for studying tunnels crossing active fault zones in deep-buried environments.

show abstract

Assessment of damages in fault rupture–shallow foundation interaction due to the existence of underground structures

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

Interaction of Segmental Tunnel Linings and Dip-Slip Faults—Tabriz Subway Tunnels

Interaction of Segmental Tunnel Linings and Dip-Slip Faults—Tabriz Subway Tunnels

Centrifugal and Numerical Investigation of Surface Fault Rupture Hazard Mitigation for Shallow Foundations Using Micro-Piles

Study of Mechanical Response of Tunnels Crossing Active Faults in Different Burial Depths

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Assessment of damages in fault rupture–shallow foundation interaction due to the existence of underground structures

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

Interaction of Segmental Tunnel Linings and Dip-Slip Faults—Tabriz Subway Tunnels

Interaction of Segmental Tunnel Linings and Dip-Slip Faults—Tabriz Subway Tunnels

Centrifugal and Numerical Investigation of Surface Fault Rupture Hazard Mitigation for Shallow Foundations Using Micro-Piles&nbsp;

Study of Mechanical Response of Tunnels Crossing Active Faults in Different Burial Depths

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Centrifugal and Numerical Investigation of Surface Fault Rupture Hazard Mitigation for Shallow Foundations Using Micro-Piles