Assessment of Darbandikhan Reservoir’s water for different purposes by using (WQI), (HPI) and (MI) indices

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the water quality of Darbandikhan Reservoir for different purposes by using an integrated approach of water quality index (WQI), heavy metal pollution index (HPI) and metal index (MI). The samples were collected from twenty sampling stations across the reservoir in December 2021, and the sampling stations were selected by using GPS. Seven physicochemical parameters were examined to determine (WQI) including: (pH, turbidity, TDS, NO3 -2, DO, BOD5 and fluoride). Also, five heavy metals were tested to determine (HPI) an (MI) indices. This integrated approach helps to give a comprehensive evaluation of water in the study area. This approach also can overcome limitations of traditional indices regarding water quality in order to make the evaluation outcome more accurate. The results showed that the mean value of (WQI) of the study area was (79.1) which fall under (very poor quality) category. The mean values of (HPI) were (66.75) - (High affected) and (14.09) - (Low affected) for drinking and irrigation uses respectively. However, the mean values of (MI) for the study area were (4.98) - (Strongly affected) and (0.37) – (Pure) for drinking and irrigation uses respectively. The results showed that Darbandikhan Reservoir’s water is suitable for irrigation and industrial purposes only; while, it is not fit for drinking use without high process of treatment. This paper helps to facilitate effective management practices of water quality.

Health and Ecological Risk Assessments of Some Heavy Metals (Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu and Zn) in the Sediments of Darbandikhan Reservoir, Iraq

“…The highest contents of Ni, Cr and Zn in the sediments were 218.53, 136.56 and 112.52 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of heavy metals in the sediments of the upstream increases signi cantly as a result of declining water in ow from Iranian tributaries and wastewater discharging from Tanjaro River [53]. So, the accumulation of HMs as a result of long-term discharging of industrial wastewater and waste solids from Tanjaro River is the cause of sediment pollution in the Darbandikhan Reservoir.…”