Assessment of dermal irritation potential of MWCNT

Abstract

There is an increasing concern regarding the potential toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs), but little literature is available on its skin toxicity and irritation potential. We investigated whether multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) affect skin irritation using HaCaT cell line, the human skin equivalent model (HSEM), and an in vivo model. We evaluated the cytotoxic effects of MWCNTs on HaCaT cells and the HSEM. To confirm in vitro results, we evaluated the irritation potentials of MWCNTs on rabbit skin. In MTT assay, MWCNTs cytotoxicity depended on the concentration of MWCNTs in HaCaT cells. The HSEM skin irriation experiments revealed that MWCNTs have no irritation potential. These HSEM data are consistent with Draize skin irritation test. MWCNTs did not induce the cutaneous irritation of rabbit skin. We suggest that MWCNTs do not induce any acute cutaneous irritation and the HSEM offers a useful alternative method for evaluating the toxicities of toxicants including NPs.

CARBON-BASED nanomaterials and SKIN: An overview

“…MWCNTs (particles sizes: 1-5 μm length, 6-20 nm outside diameter). In particular, while the exposure of HaCaT keratinocytes to these materials (25-1000 μg/mL) for 24 or 48 h reduced cells viability (MTT assay) only at high concentrations (≥250 μg/mL), no influence on RHE (3D Epi-Derm™) viability was recorded after exposure to 100 μg MWCNTs (100 μL of 1000 μg/mL suspension)[90].4.2.2.2.3. SKIN sensitization.…”

Application of Inorganic Nanomaterials in Cultural Heritage Conservation, Risk of Toxicity, and Preventive Measures

“…Internalization can be different, obstructing critical blood pathways or producing various cytotoxic effects [436]. In all cases, the degree of damage will depend on the dose and the time of incubation [437]. The smaller the diameter of CNTs and the greater the aspect ratio, the greater the toxic effect that is observed [438].…”

The Effects of Carbon Nanotubes on Lung and Dermal Cellular Behaviors

“…Transmission electron micrographs revealed ultrastructural alterations to both mitochondria and nuclei after SWCNT (0.24 mg/ml) exposure. Likewise, exposure of HaCaT cells to MWCNT (0.025–1 mg/ml) for 24 h decreased cell viability; however, no cytotoxicity (MTT assay) of MWCNT (1 mg/ml) was observed in the human skin equivalent model called 3D EpiDerm™ [(Epi-200; Mat-Tek Co., MA, USA)[95]. In addition, MWCNT (0.001–0.1 mg/ml) was found to be toxic (MTT assay) on human dermal fibroblasts after a 24-h exposure [96].…”