Assessment of DNA damage and oxidative stress in juvenile Channa punctatus (Bloch) after exposure to multi‐walled carbon nanotubes

Abstract

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have many applications in industry and used as additives in polymers, catalysts, anodes in lithium-battery and drug delivery.There is little information about MWCNTs' (210 nm) genotoxic potential on juvenile freshwater fish Channa punctatus. Therefore, in this study, we have determined the toxic effects of MWCNTs on freshwater fish C. punctatus by assessing toxicological endpoints such as oxidative stress, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity after acute MWCNTs exposure for 5 days. MWCNTs LC 50 -96 hours value for C. punctatus was 21.8 mg/L and on this basis three different MWCNTs concentrations were selected, that is, sub-lethal I, II, and III, for 5-days exposure trials with C. punctatus. The level of lipid peroxidation increased in the gills and kidney of exposed fish at sub-lethal concentrations II and III. Contrastingly, glutathione decreased more in the gills than in the kidney. The activity of catalase enzymes decreased more in the gills than in the kidney at sublethal concentrations I and II. Glutathione S-transferase decreased in gill tissue but increased in kidney tissue following sub-lethal III exposure. Moreover, the level of glutathione reductase decreased in both tissues. In addition, MWCNTs genotoxicity was confirmed by DNA damage in lymphocytes, gills, kidney cells, and production of micronuclei (MNi) in red blood cells of freshwater fish following sublethal I, II, and III exposures. In conclusion, this study revealed that application of micronucleus and comet assays for in vivo laboratory studies using freshwater fish for screening the genotoxic potential of MWCNTs.

Bisphenol A induced toxicity in blood cells of freshwater fish Channa punctatus after acute exposure

“…Exposed groups were found to have a significantly higher value of these parameters as compared to control showing the genotoxic effect of BPA. Previously DNA damage in spermatozoa of zebrafish ( Lombó et al, 2019 ) and gills and lymphocytes of C. punctatus fish ( Ali et al, 2020 ) due to bisphenol A has been reported.…”

“…The underlying mechanism of BPA-induced genotoxicity is not very clear but it has been mainly associated with oxidative stress via ROS and lipid peroxidation ( Tiwari et al, 2012 ) which may cause direct DNA abnormalities. DNA damage in different tissues of organisms induced by the generation of free radicals and oxidative stress has been investigated by different researchers ( Ali et al, 2020 , Ghaffar, 2020 , Ghazanfar et al, 2018 , Hussain et al, 2019 )…”

An Integrated Testing Strategy for Ecotoxicity (ITS‐ECO) Assessment in the Marine Environmental Compartment using Mytilus spp.: A Case Study using Pristine and Coated CuO and TiO2 Nanomaterials

“…Following sublethal, acute exposure, genotoxicity at the cellular level in hemocytes and gill tissues was seen for all CuO ENMs, which is consistent with the mussel DNA damage previously reported (Chelomin et al, 2017) and for human cells (Ahamed et al, 2010). Links between oxidative stress and genotoxicity of ENMs have been demonstrated by several authors (Ali et al, 2020; Raghunathan et al, 2013; Song et al, 2012). The effect did not appear to be influenced by coatings, but the greater DNA damage in hemocytes in CuO core ENM exposures suggests an increased hazard from the uncoated material.…”

Quercetin-Ameliorated, Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Induced Immunotoxic, Inflammatory, and Oxidative Effects in Mice

“…Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a type of carbon nanomaterial that form hollow tubes with either one layer (single-walled CNTs) or multi-layers [multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs)] [ 1 ]. CNTs possess outstanding physicochemical properties and biocompatibility, making them widely used in industrial sectors and medicine [ 2 ]. They were used as carriers for the delivery of chemotherapeutics to specifically target cancer cells [ 3 ].…”