Assessment of drug prescribing pattern using WHO indicators in hospitalized patients at a tertiary care teaching hospital in rural area of India

Pathak, Anurag; Gupta, V. K.; Maurya, Arvind; Kumar, Alok; Singh, Amit Kumar

doi:10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20160983

Cited by 19 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Similar study by Satishkumar et al, Meena et al, and Pathak et al, showed percentage of prescription with at injectable drug was around 69.26%, 59.1% and 24.05% respectively. 3,9,10 We found that these values were much lower than the present study. Point of concern regarding with injection is safety.…”

Section: Who Indicatorscontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…These results were significantly lower than the studies conducted at other hospitals by Satish kumar et al, and Pathak et al, which showed generic prescribing was around 38.33% and 89.88% respectively. 3,9 The value is higher than study conducted by Meena et al, which was around 3.64% but still it is much lower than WHO standards which is 100%. 10 Also, recently according to new amendment by medical council of India use of generic drug while prescribing made it compulsory.…”

Section: Who Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…5.11and 5.12 respectively but at the same lower than the study done by Satish kumar BP et al which was around 6.66. 3,9,10 Polyparmacy practices should be discouraged in order to increase patient compliance, to reduce the chances of treatment failure and to avoid possible drug interactions.…”

Section: Who Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These values were much higher when we compared with the study done by Satish Kumar BP et al, Meena et al, and Pathak et al, study which showed 57.07%, 57.73% and 24.27% respectively. 3,9,10 More than two third of AMAs prescribed were Cotrimoxazole, cephalosporin and penicillin group. These observations were similar to the study done by Gopalakrishnan, et al in private sector.…”

Section: Who Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of prescription pattern using WHO drug prescribing indicators in medicine wards of a tertiary care teaching hospital: a retrospective observational study

Bachewar

Choudhari

Dudhgaonkar

2017

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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1In a previous research Satish Kumar BP et al, showed that the mean number of drugs per prescription was 6.66 with a range between 3 to 15 drugs. The majority (67.32%) of ABSTRACT Background: Rational prescribing is an essential skill for every prescriber. However many times it seems a difficult task for various reasons. Such practices ultimately increase the mortality, morbidity and financial burden on the patient. Hence, we aimed our study to evaluate appropriateness of prescription pattern according to WHO drug prescribing indicators, few complementary indicators and classify prescription errors. Methods: A retrospective observational study, conducted in medical record section of tertiary care teaching hospital of Maharashtra during the period of 6 months. Total 400 randomly selected prescriptions from Medicine inpatient wards were scrutinized. Results: Average number of drugs per prescription was 5.20 trending towards polypharmacy. Drugs prescribed by generic name were 13.88%, injectable drugs were part of 93.50% prescriptions, 78.25% prescriptions contained an antimicrobial agent and Percentage of drugs prescribed from NELM 2011 was 72.36%. Illegible handwriting in 68% cases was the important cause of prescription errors. These errors found in 73% of prescriptions. Conclusions:The present study showed that the practices were trending towards irrational prescribing. Polypharmacy and illegible prescriptions were dominated. Regular prescription audit will help to rectify such practices. Also, there is an urgent need of sensitization of prescriber through new treatment guidelines, seminar, presentations and discussions on regular basis.

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Section: Who Indicatorscontrasting

confidence: 75%

Section: Who Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Who Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Who Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of prescription pattern using WHO drug prescribing indicators in medicine wards of a tertiary care teaching hospital: a retrospective observational study

Bachewar

Choudhari

Dudhgaonkar

2017

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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“…[6][7][8]12 A study in North India revealed that not even a single drug was prescribed by 10 However a few other studies showed promising results. 11,13,14 Similar studies in Pakistan (83.1%), Nepal (84%), Northern Ethiopia (93.3%), Brazil (86.1%), China (96.12%) noted better results. [15][16][17][18][19] The WHO endorses prescribing medication by its generic name.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Evaluation of prescribing patterns of medical practitioners in the state of Goa, India

Upendra

Bhounsule

2017

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Background: According to WHO, worldwide more than 50% of all medicines are prescribed, dispensed, or sold inappropriately, while 50% of patients fail to take them correctly. Evaluating the prescribing patterns of the medical practitioners will throw light on the common types of irrational practices such as inappropriate use of antimicrobials, polypharmacy, over-use of injections, failure to prescribe according to clinical guidelines.Methods: 600 prescriptions prescribed by medical practitioners from March to April 2016 were analyzed using WHO prescribing indicators.Results: Out of the 1900 drugs prescribed, average number of drugs per prescription was 3.17. Total number of drugs prescribed by generic name was 11 (0.58%). An antibiotic was prescribed in 119 patients (19.83%). An injection was prescribed in 23 patients (3.8%). 567 drugs prescribed were from the essential drug list of India (29.8%).Conclusions: Polypharmacy increases the risk of drug interactions, treatment cost, decreases the patient’s compliance. Prescribing medicines by generic name avoids the confusion. By adhering to the national essential list of medicine, drugs will be available to the patients at all times and be cheaper.

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Examination of WHO/INRUD Core Drug Use Indicators at Public Primary Healthcare Centers in Kisii County, Kenya

Okalebo

Guantai

Nyabuti

2020

Preprint

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Background: Irrational drug use is a global problem. However, the extent of the problem is higher in low-income countries. This study set out to assess and characterize drug use at the public primary healthcare centers (PPHCCs) in a rural county in Kenya, using the World Health Organization/ International Network for the Rational Use of Drugs (WHO/INRUD) core drug use indicators methodology. Methods: Ten PPHCCs were randomly selected. From each PPHCC, ninety prescriptions from October to December 2018 were sampled and data extracted. Three-hundred (30 per PPHCC) patients and ten (1 per PPHCC) dispensers were also observed and interviewed. The WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators were used to assess the patterns of drug use. Results: The average number of drugs per prescription was 2.9 (SD 0.5) (recommended: 1.6 to 1.8), percentage of drugs prescribed by generic names was 27.7% (recommended: 100%); the percentage of prescriptions with an antibiotic was 84.8% (recommended: 20.0 to 26.8%), and with an injection prescribed was 24.9% (recommended: 13.4 to 24.1%). The percentage of prescribed drugs from the Kenya Essential Medicines List was 96.7% (recommended: 100%). The average consultation time was 4.1 min (SD 1.7) (recommended: more than 10 min), the average dispensing time was 131.5 sec (SD 41.5) (recommended: more than 90 sec), the percentage of drugs actually dispensed was 76.3% (recommended: 100%), the percentage of drugs adequately labeled was 22.6% (recommended: 100%) and percentage of patients with correct knowledge of dispensed drugs was 54.7% (recommended: 100%). Only 20% of the PPHCCs had a copy of KEML available, and 80% of the selected essential drugs assessed were available. Conclusion: The survey shows irrational drug use practices, particularly polypharmacy, non-generic prescribing, overuse of antibiotics, short consultation time and inadequacy of drug labeling. Effective programs and activities promoting the rational use of drugs are the key interventions suggested at all the health facilities.

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Assessment of drug prescribing pattern using WHO indicators in hospitalized patients at a tertiary care teaching hospital in rural area of India

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Assessment of prescription pattern using WHO drug prescribing indicators in medicine wards of a tertiary care teaching hospital: a retrospective observational study

Assessment of prescription pattern using WHO drug prescribing indicators in medicine wards of a tertiary care teaching hospital: a retrospective observational study

Evaluation of prescribing patterns of medical practitioners in the state of Goa, India

Examination of WHO/INRUD Core Drug Use Indicators at Public Primary Healthcare Centers in Kisii County, Kenya

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