Assessment of eco‐thermal sustainability potential of a cluster of low‐cost solar dryer designs based on exergetic sustainability indicators and earned carbon credit

Ndukwu, Macmanus Chinenye; Mathew, Ibeh; Etim, Promise Joseph; Ubong, Augustine C.; Inemesite, Ekop; Akuwueke, Leonard; Oriaku, Linus; Abam, Fidelis I.; Lamrani, Bilal; Simo-Tagne, Merlin; Bennamoun, Lyes

doi:10.1016/j.cles.2022.100027

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Thus it is used in most cases for an indicative purpose. To calculate the earned carbon credit for the solar dryer we choose coal, diesel and electricity-generated power as a source of a baseline for the carbon credit because research has shown that these energy sources are the most common energy sources for artificial dryers [ 33 , 34 ]. Consequently, the carbon credit rate for the solar dryer is given by Yousef and Hassan [ 35 ], as presented in equation (9) as follows

Where ƶCO 2 is the price of CO 2 globally, given as $ 14.5 per ton [ 35 ],

is the yearly mass of carbon emission (ton).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drying kinetics and thermo-economic analysis of drying hot water blanched ginger rhizomes in a hybrid composite solar dryer with heat exchanger

Ndukwu¹,

Ben²,

Elijah³

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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Where ƶCO 2 is the price of CO 2 globally, given as $ 14.5 per ton [ 35 ],

is the yearly mass of carbon emission (ton).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drying kinetics and thermo-economic analysis of drying hot water blanched ginger rhizomes in a hybrid composite solar dryer with heat exchanger

Ndukwu¹,

Ben²,

Elijah³

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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“…While other carbon emission reductions with strategies by determining the location of the factory and demand must be known in advance [6] must be aware of the limit of factory capacity, the number of companies that are mutually involved, the implication is that there is a network integration of several sustainability concepts in the strategy implemented [14]. ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Carbon Tax: Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of Relevant Research

Siregar,

Rasyad,

Lubis

et al. 2024

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Environmental, Energy, and Earth Science, ICEEES 2023, 30 October 2023, Peka

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The main problem with why the carbon tax was introduced was the negative externality impact caused by the activities of the products manufactured by businesses. Nevertheless, the carbon tax may minimize the impact of negative externalities. One of them is the risk of climate change, for instance, the rising level of flooding and the existence of drought will exacerbate the scarcity of clean water due to climate change. Several indicators of bibliometric analysis, such as network visualization, are presented in this study. Research methods related to bibliometric analysis for Carbon Tax's topics involve collecting data from relevant bibliographic sources and analyzing existing publications to identify trends, patterns, and author contributions in the field. The subsequent research opportunity is that One of the tools for policy can be a carbon tax to accelerate the transition and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in China. Meanwhile, one of the biggest producers of greenhouse gases is the United States. in the world and has a major impact on climate change. The United States government has also noticed that many other countries are implementing carbon taxes and increasing the use of clean energy, so it does not want to be left behind in terms of innovation and clean technology development. The limitations of this study consist of the uncertainty of the economic impact. Even though a lot of research has been done on the economic impact of carbon tax, there is an inherent uncertainty in accurately measuring the effect.

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“…Sustainable index (SI) parameters can be used to express the exergy performance (lifetime of drying system) and the utilization of improvement potential (IP) can be beneficial in evaluating diverse economic processes (Arslan & Aktas ¸, 2020). On the other hand, the waste exergy ratio (WER) is also an indicator parameter of sustainability that is associated with the emission of wasted exergy and the potential for ecological damage due to the nature of an unstable emission balance, thus potentially leading to thermodynamic changes (Ndukwu et al, 2022).…”

Section: Sustainability Indicatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EEF evaluates the potential consequences of the proposed operation and the EDC is defined as the reciprocal of the exergetic efficiency. Meanwhile, ERR can be defined as the exergy of moisture evaporation, which has the potential for high recovery in the exergy loss flow as the evaporated moisture can be condensed (Ndukwu et al, 2022). The EEF, EDC, and ERR can be calculated by using following equations (Chowdhury et al, 2019).…”

Section: Sustainability Indicatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements and 4E + Q performance analyses in solar drying for maize kernels preservation: A comprehensive review

Suherman,

Asy‐Syaqiq,

Hadiyanto

et al. 2024

J Food Process Engineering

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The world's population is projected to increase, impacting a 60% rise in food production demand by 2050, including the demand for maize. Currently, maize production is estimated to reach 1510 million tons in 2023, necessitating suitable methods for preserving maize kernels to maintain quality and reduce post‐harvest agricultural losses. Although drying methods present a viable solution to address this issue, the majority of farmers in Indonesia still use conventional drying methods, such as open sun drying, which has several drawbacks. Hence, solar drying systems aim to overcome these limitations by harnessing renewable, clean, sustainable, and eco‐friendly energy to support the sustainable development goals (SDGs). This research comprehensively reviews the progress of solar drying technology, providing insights into its working principles, innovative designs, and operational modes across various types of solar dryers. The 4E + Q analysis provides information regarding the performance of solar drying systems, including energy analysis to determine the quantity of energy utilized and exergy analysis to demonstrate irreversibility in thermodynamic processes. Additionally, this analysis highlights environmental impacts such as CO2 emissions and mitigation efforts, while considering economic aspects through lifecycle assessment and payback period methods. The quality assessment of dried maize kernels according to the standards set by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) is conducted, including proximate analysis, aflatoxin levels, color measurements, and internal cracking analysis.Practical applicationsDrying technology is essential for the food preservation process, enabling the maintenance of product quality and extending storage life by reducing the moisture content to eliminate the activities of microbial agents. The application of solar drying technology harnesses solar radiation as the primary energy source, making it well‐suited for crops like paddy, maize, cassava, etc. The development of solar dryers continues through modifications and the addition of auxiliary systems to achieve more efficient, economical, and sustainable technologies. The hope is that in the future, these technologies can be adopted by farmers on an industrial scale due to low operational costs, ease of operation, and controllable operating conditions. The methodological approach is necessary to evaluate the performance of solar dryers and the quality of dried products through a 4E + Q analysis, it provides information on energy consumption, exergy flow, economic considerations, environmental aspects, and quality assessments against national quality standards (SNI).

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Assessment of eco‐thermal sustainability potential of a cluster of low‐cost solar dryer designs based on exergetic sustainability indicators and earned carbon credit

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Drying kinetics and thermo-economic analysis of drying hot water blanched ginger rhizomes in a hybrid composite solar dryer with heat exchanger

Drying kinetics and thermo-economic analysis of drying hot water blanched ginger rhizomes in a hybrid composite solar dryer with heat exchanger

Mapping Carbon Tax: Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of Relevant Research

Advancements and 4E + Q performance analyses in solar drying for maize kernels preservation: A comprehensive review

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