Assessment of economic and biological signs of primocane raspberry in the conditions of the Orenburg Urals

Abstract

Abstract. The agro-climatic conditions of the Orenburg Urals are considered sharply continental, but generally favorable for the cultivation of raspberries. However, periodically there is a risk of exposure to abiotic stresses on plants, as a result of which raspberry varieties cannot maximize their productive potential. The purpose of the work is to give a comprehensive assessment of varieties and forms of raspberries of the repair type of fruiting according to economic and biological characteristics and to identify varieties and forms with high productivity and fruit quality. Methods. The objects of research were 9 varieties and 3 forms of raspberries of repair domestic breeding: Gerakl, Rubinovoe Ozherel’e, Zhar-Ptitsa, Oranzhevoe Chudo, Kalashnik, Arisha, Karamel’ka, Malinovaya Gryada, Zevs, 2-73, 1-33, 1-43. In this work, the duration of the fruiting period, the regenerative ability, biological productivity and the main elements of its structure, as well as the biochemical qualities of fruits were evaluated. Results. The greatest number of fruits on the shoot was found in varieties Zhar-Ptitsa (C) (168–175 pcs.), Arisha (160–173 pcs.), Malinovaya Gryada (150–157 pcs.), in forms 1-33 (169 pcs.) and 2-73 (158 pcs.). The variety Gerakl during the three years studied had the highest average fruit weight of 6.5-6.9 g and exceeded the control (Zhar-Ptitsa) by 56.8–58.5%. Our studies show that in the selected varieties and forms of raspberry repair, the percentage of ripe berries varied from 80 to 100 %, the yield was: Gerakl – 17.2–20.1 t/ha, Arisha – 13.2–17.6 t/ha, Malinovaya Gryada – 11.3–17.2 t/ha and 1-33 – 11,6–17,8 t/ha. The maximum sugar content was found in the varieties Karamel’ka (8.1%), Arisha (7.9%), Malinovaya Gryada (7.7%), exceeding the control (Zhar-Ptitsa) by 5.5–12.5%. Scientific novelty. The obtained results on the evaluation of raspberry cultivars are of great practical importance and can be used both in production and in breeding work.