Assessment of Electrocardiogram Indices in Postmenopausal Women: Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Detraining

Abstract

Introduction: electrocardiogram (ECG) indices as a valuable tool for the diagnosis depolarization and repolarization of the myocardium are affected by aerobic exercise and detraining. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12-week moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and 5 months detraining on electrocardiogram (ECG) indices in post-menopausal women. Methods: Twenty-four post-menopausal women aged 50-70 years were randomly assigned to Exercise (E, n=12) and Control (C, n=12) groups. E group performed of 12 weeks moderate-intensity aerobic exercise program (W-WJMIAEP-R), and then 5 months detraining remained, but the C group participated in no intervention during 8-month. The ECG indices were measured at baseline, after 12-week exercise, and after 5-month detraining. Results: After 12-week in between-groups, ECG indices were not significantly different (P>0.05), except P-R interval (P≤0.05). After 5-month detraining in between-groups were not a significant difference for dependent variables (P>0.05), except P-R segment and S-T interval (P≤0.05). Conclusion: The Results suggest that 12 weeks of W-WJMIAEP-R increases P-R interval in sedentary post-menopausal women that is likely to be effective in preventing heart arrhythmias. The P-R segment and S-T interval decreased significantly after 5 months detraining period that 12 weeks W-WJMIAEP-R induced-ECG positive adaptations such as decrease P-R segment and S-T interval are maintained even after 5-month detraining and consequently prevents the increase in atrial aging process in postmenopausal women.

Intrinsic Electrical Remodeling Underlies Atrioventricular Block in Athletes

“…Literature on reversibility of atrioventricular node dysfunction in human athletes is sparse, but our findings in both racehorses (Figure 1H) and in mice (Figure 7I) corroborate a recent study reporting that prolongation of the PR interval induced by 12 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in postmenopausal women was lost after 5 months of detraining. 62…”

Assessment of Hepatic and Lipid Profiles Following 12 Weeks of Aerobic Exercise in Overweight Postmenopausal Women

“…The graded exercise test (GXT) on treadmill by George et al was used to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max ). 25 By using the Borg scale, rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded in the last 10 seconds of each stage. Two of the following four criteria were required for a test to be considered maximal: (1) a plateau in VO 2 despite increasing workload; (2) respiratory exchange ratio (RER) ≥1.10; (3) maximal heart rate within 10 beats of age predicted max [max HR = (208 − (0.7 × age in year)]; and (4) RPE ≥ 17.…”

“…The exercises were performed with maximum heart rate (HR max ) of 50% (the first week), 60% (the next 2 weeks), 65% (the following 4 weeks), and 70% (the last 5 weeks). 25 All exercise sessions were performed between 08:00 and 10:00 am and the participants were trained by exercise physiologist. The C group participated in no intervention and continued their normal daily lifestyle and dietary habits during 12 weeks.…”