Assessment of electron swarm parameters and limiting electric fields in SF<sub>6</sub>+CF<sub>4</sub>+Ar gas mixtures

Tezcan, S. S.; Duzkaya, H.; Dincer, M.S.; Hiziroglu, H.R.

doi:10.1109/tdei.2016.7556471

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Under impulse voltage without stabilization of the corona effect, the breakdown voltage increases almost linearly with the percentage of SF 6 . Note that theoretical analyses have been conducted on the synergism in the dielectric strength for SF 6 -CF 4 mixtures [22] and assessment of electron swarm parameters and limiting electric Fields in SF 6 + CF 4 + Ar gas mixtures [23].…”

Section: Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Quest for a New Insulation Gas with a Low Impact on the Environment to Replace Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Gas in High-Voltage Power Network Applications

2017

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Abstract:The growing environmental challenge of electrical energy systems has prompted a substantial increase in renewable energy generation. Such generation systems allow for significant reduction of CO 2 emissions compared with a traditional fossil fuel plant. Furthermore, several improvements in power systems network configuration and operation combined with new technologies have enabled reduction of losses and energy demand, thus contributing to reduction of CO 2 emissions. Another environmental threat identified in electrical networks is the leaking of insulating sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) gas used in electrical gas insulated substations (GIS) and equipment. Because of its Global Warming Potential (GWP) of nearly 24,000 and its long life in the atmosphere (over 3000 years), SF 6 gas was recognized as a greenhouse gas at the 1997 COP3; since then its use and emissions in the atmosphere have been regulated by international treaties. It is expected that as soon as an alternative insulating gas is found, SF 6 use in high-voltage (HV) equipment will be banned. This paper presents an overview of the key research advances made in recent years in the quest to find eco-friendly gases to replace SF 6 . The review reports the main properties of candidate gases that are being investigated; in particular, natural gases (dry air, N 2 or CO 2 ) and polyfluorinated gases especially Trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I), Perfluorinated Ketones, Octafluorotetra-hydrofuran, Hydrofluoroolefin (HFOs), and Fluoronitriles are presented and their strengths and weaknesses are discussed with an emphasis on their dielectric properties (especially their dielectric strength), GWP, and boiling point with respect to the minimum operating temperature for HV power network applications.

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Section: Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Quest for a New Insulation Gas with a Low Impact on the Environment to Replace Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Gas in High-Voltage Power Network Applications

2017

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“…In order to modify the EEDF, this new value is again introduced into the equation. This iterative procedure is stopped when a final convergence for α − η is obtained [8,12].…”

Section: Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These swarm parameters are also calculated in CF 4 +argon gas mixtures [8,9] and in CF 4 +SF 6 gas mixtures [10,11]. Furthermore, the ternary mixtures of CF 4 were also analyzed by the authors [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boltzmann analysis of electron swarm parameters in CHF 3 +CF 4 mixtures

Duzkaya¹,

Tezcan²

2019

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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The electron drift velocity, mean energy, ionization, attachment, effective ionization coefficient, limit electrical field, and synergism of pure CHF3 (fluoroform), pure CF4 (tetrafluoromethane), and CHF3+CF4 gas mixtures are calculated by Boltzmann equation analysis in a wide range of density normalized electrical fields (E/N). The finite difference method is used to solve the two-term approximation of the Boltzmann equation under steady-state Townsend conditions. To our knowledge, no previous electron swarm parameters of these mixtures have been published. At constant E/N values, the electron mean energies and drift velocities increase with decreasing CHF3 content. The addition of CF4 into the mixture increases the attachment coefficient but reduces the ionization coefficient since CF4 is more electronegative than CHF3. Furthermore, the limit electrical fields increase with increasing CF4 concentration.

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“…Sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) is widely used in electrical power applications due to its high breakdown voltage, good thermal property, and inertness [1]. However, SF 6 is a fluorinated greenhouse gas, which has the high global warming potential of 23,900 for 100 years and a lifetime of 3200 years [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This greenhouse gas concentration level is more than three times as compared to 1950, when human-produced gases, such as SF 6 , began to be used in industry. 6 0.010 0.47 0.040 1.36 Montreal Gases [5] 0.243 11.41 0.274 9.29 1 ppm CO 2 eq. PFC, perfluorocarbon; HFC, hydrofluorocarbon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of Electron Avalanches in Ultra-Dilute SF6-N2 Mixtures Subjected to Time-Invariant Crossed Fields

2018

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Ultra-dilute SF 6 + N 2 mixtures are subjected to crossed fields with the applied magnetic field normal to the electric field in order to investigate critical magnetic field values for suppression of electron avalanche growth resulting in increased dielectric strength. Electron avalanche growth inhibition together with the related electron mean energy variation and electron energy distribution functions are reported in the binary mixtures subjected to the combined fields. Even if a very small amount of greenhouse gas (SF 6 ) is used, high dielectric strength can be achieved in the binary mixtures with 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 3%, and 7% SF 6 contents subjected to the evaluated combined fields. The magnitude of the crossed magnetic field, which results in avalanche growth inhibition, decreases as the electronegativity of the mixture is increased.

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Assessment of electron swarm parameters and limiting electric fields in SF₆+CF₄+Ar gas mixtures

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Recent Advances in the Quest for a New Insulation Gas with a Low Impact on the Environment to Replace Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Gas in High-Voltage Power Network Applications

Recent Advances in the Quest for a New Insulation Gas with a Low Impact on the Environment to Replace Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Gas in High-Voltage Power Network Applications

Boltzmann analysis of electron swarm parameters in CHF 3 +CF 4 mixtures

Suppression of Electron Avalanches in Ultra-Dilute SF6-N2 Mixtures Subjected to Time-Invariant Crossed Fields

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Assessment of electron swarm parameters and limiting electric fields in SF6+CF4+Ar gas mixtures

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Recent Advances in the Quest for a New Insulation Gas with a Low Impact on the Environment to Replace Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Gas in High-Voltage Power Network Applications

Recent Advances in the Quest for a New Insulation Gas with a Low Impact on the Environment to Replace Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Gas in High-Voltage Power Network Applications

Boltzmann analysis of electron swarm parameters in CHF 3 +CF 4 mixtures

Suppression of Electron Avalanches in Ultra-Dilute SF6-N2 Mixtures Subjected to Time-Invariant Crossed Fields

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Assessment of electron swarm parameters and limiting electric fields in SF₆+CF₄+Ar gas mixtures