Assessment of endemic microalgae as potential food for Artemia franciscana culture

Abstract

ABSTRACT. In this study, five microalgal strains were isolated from Bahía de La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico and identified as Grammatophora sp., Navicula sp., Rhabdonema sp., Schizochytrium sp., and Nitzschia sp., and their evaluation as potential food for Artemia franciscana. The isolated strains were cultured outdoors and harvested after four days. Chaetoceros muelleri was cultured under laboratory conditions and used as control. The protein, lipid, and carbohydrate composition and the fatty acid profiles of the strains were determined by gas chromatography. To assess the effect of microalgal strains on A. franciscana, decapsulated cysts were cultured at outdoor conditions in 15 L containers. The experiment was conducted for twelve days. Samples from the five different feeding treatments were taken at the beginning and end of the experiment to assess number, size, and weight of Artemia larvae. Treatment with Rhabdonema sp. showed larvae with a lower percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) while Grammatophora sp. showed those with the greatest PUFA proportion, even more than those fed Chaetoceros muelleri (control). Larvae consuming Schizochytrium sp. had no docosahexanoic (DHA) nor eicosapentaenoic (EPA) fatty acid content. Growth and survival of A. franciscana did not show significant differences among feed treatments, except when it was fed Nitzschia sp., showing lower survival and dry weight. Treatment based on Schizochytrium sp. and Rhabdonema sp. had a greater A. franciscana size but reduced dry weight; additional tests including two or more algal species for every treatment should be carried out to determine the best yield. Keywords: brine shrimp, arid zones, nutrition, microalgae, fatty acids, aquaculture. Evaluación del potencial de microalgas endémicas para el cultivo deArtemia franciscana RESUMEN. Se aislaron cinco cepas de microalgas de la Bahía de La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico, identificadas como Grammatophora sp., Navicula sp., Rhabdonema sp., Schizochytrium sp., and Nitzschia sp., y su evaluación como alimento potencial para Artemia franciscana. Las cepas algales fueron aisladas, purificadas y cultivadas al exterior. Chaetoceros muelleri fue cultivada en condiciones de laboratorio y utilizada como control. El análisis bioquímico y el perfil de ácidos grasos correspondientes al cuarto día de cultivo de las microalgas, se efectuó mediante cromatografía de gases. El experimento con Artemia franciscana se realizó al exterior por doce días en tanques de 15 L. Se realizaron muestreos al inicio y al final del trabajo para determinar el incremento en talla, peso seco y sobrevivencia. El tratamiento con la microalga identificada como Rhabdonema sp. mostró larvas con menor porcentaje de ácidos grasos polinsaturados (PUFAs) mientras que aquellas alimentadas con Grammatophora sp. presentaron la mayor proporción, superando a las del control Chaetoceros muelleri. Con Schizothyrium sp. no presentaron los ácidos grasos docosahexanoico (DHA) y eicosapentanoico (EPA). La sobrevivencia obtenida...

The long‐term changes in plankton composition: Is Bay Sivash transforming back into one of the world's largest habitats ofArtemiasp. (Crustacea, Anostraca)?

“…A decrease in cyst production is now observed due to global reduction in the habitats traditionally used to harvest Artemia cysts, due to climate changes and human intervention, and it is expected that this crisis will deepen (AghaKouchak et al, ; Asem, Mohebbi, & Ahmadi, ; Shadrin, Anufriieva, & Galagovets, ; Wurtsbaugh et al, ). Intensive cultivation and creation of new Artemia populations (by intentional introduction) in salt lakes (previously without Artemia ) are developing now (Anh, Van Hoa, Van Stappen, & Sorgeloos, ; Jia et al, ; Pacheco‐Vega, Cadena Roa, Ascencio, Rangel Davalos, & Rojas Contreras, ; Sultana et al, ; Tackaert & Sorgeloos, ), but this cannot contribute significantly to satisfy the required world demand on cysts. Another option to sharply increase the world's Artemia cyst harvest is the new natural habitats of Artemia spp.…”

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“…In Artemia production manuals, many efforts have made to help to choose suitable species/populations to be applied in aquaculture industry (Tackaert & Sorgeloos, 1991；Lavens & Sorgeloos, 1991Barata, Hontoria, & Amat, 1996;Thi, Van, & Sorgeloos, 2013). Additionally, the effect of environmental parameters was studied on potential of cyst production (Barata et al, 1996;Thi et al, 2013；Gao, Wang, Ma, Stappen, & Sui, 2017Nguyen, 2015;Thi, Pachecovega, Cadenaroa, Ascencio, Rangeldávalos, & Rojascontreras, 2015).…”

Effects of addition ofNaviculasp. (diatom) in different densities to postlarvae of shrimpLitopenaeus vannameireared in a BFT system: Growth, survival, productivity and fatty acid profile

“…is a benthic diatom that presents approximate dry weight levels of 430-490 g/kg of protein, 230-260 g/kg of lipids, which are 30-150 g of EPA g/kg and 20-30 g of DHA g/kg (Khatoon, Banerjee, Yusoff, & Shariff, 2009). Other studies have shown that the lipid content ranges from 4.3% to 31.7% and protein from 12.7% to 13.31% (Courtois, Viera, Huchetteb, & Izquierdo, 2012;Pacheco-Vega, Cadena-Roa, Ascencio, Rangel-Dávalos, & Rojas-contreras, 2015). In this context, some studies using Navicula sp.…”