Assessment of endocrine-disrupting effects of emerging polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs): In vitro, in silico, and in vivo evidence

Yue, Siqing; Zhang, Ting; Shen, Qiqi; Song, Qing; Ji, Chenyang; Chen, Yuanchen; Mao, Manfei; Kong, Yuan; Chen, Da; Liu, Jing; Sun, Zhe; Zhao, Meirong

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105729

Cited by 46 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The estimated average concentrations in the current trout fillets were 0.6 and 0.8 ng/g wwt for Lake Michigan and Lake Ontario, respectively. Detectable levels in the edible tissue raise concern for human exposure. − Table shows the average concentrations of the seven common features in two lakes.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontargeted Screening of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Fish Fillet Tissues from the Great Lakes

Renaguli

Fernando

Hopke

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Fish have been used for decades as bioindicators for assessing toxic contaminants in the Great Lakes ecosystem. Routine environmental monitoring programs target predetermined compounds that do not reflect the complete exposure of chemicals to biota and do not provide the complete halogenated fingerprint of the biota. In the current work, a nontargeted screening method was developed using a two-dimensional gas chromatograph coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer and was applied to 149 edible fish fillets from different species in the Great Lakes to characterize a more robust set of halogenated organic compounds across species and among lakes. Lake Ontario had the largest number of novel halogenated organic compounds (NHOCs). Seven NHOCs were observed in species from all lakes, indicating that this regional signature was not species-dependent. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed identical NHOC profiles between bottom dwelling and pelagic species. The NHOCs were grouped into seven clusters with similar structures and potentially similar environmental behaviors. Seven of the 29 NHOCs likely containing methoxy or ethoxy groups on a benzene or benzene−methanol backbone were clustered into one group with similar retention times. Five NHOCs were clustered with legacy contaminants that likely have similar structures or are their degradation products.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontargeted Screening of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Fish Fillet Tissues from the Great Lakes

Renaguli

Fernando

Hopke

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…58 Some other studies investigated mutagenicity, aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation in detecting dioxin-like activities, glucocorticogenicity and genotoxicity. 42,47,51,[59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67] While these are specic endpoints that have been somewhat legislated for in biomonitoring of water quality, the list of endpoints that are measurable is open-ended. Chemicals modifying biological processes do so at the molecular level through activation of specic proteins that may be modied by perturbed gene expression.…”

Section: Major Mode Of Actions and Endpointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of emerging contaminants of concern in the aquatic environment: a review of studies showing the application of effect-based measures

et al. 2021

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“…20 Recently, PHCZs have been detected in drinking water at a total concentration of ≤53.48 ng/L, making it a potential threat to human health. 21,22 This study mainly focuses on the transformation of PHCZs in drinking water. The assessment of human health threats of PHCZs in drinking water requires a thorough understanding of their transformations and fates, especially during potentially prolonged interaction with chlorination disinfectants, such as booster chlorination in delivery systems, which may generate highly toxic secondary chlorinated byproducts.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous studies in 2019 revealed that a variety of PHCZs could be formed during chlorination as disinfection byproducts (DBPs), among which 36-CCZ had the highest concentration of ≲0.1 nM (22.3 ng/L) in tap water . Recently, PHCZs have been detected in drinking water at a total concentration of ≤53.48 ng/L, making it a potential threat to human health. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of New Persistent Organic Chemical 3,6-Dichlorocarbazole in Chlorinated Drinking Water

Wang

Gao

et al. 2021

ACS EST Water

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Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) make up a group of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic contaminants and are newly identified as chlorinated disinfection byproducts. However, the fates of these compounds in prolonged chlorination are largely unknown, leading to a great threat to the safety of drinking water. This study investigated the transformation of PHCZs during prolonged chlorination by using 3,6-dichlorocarbazole (36-CCZ) as a model congener, providing important information about the fates of PHCZs in drinking water. The degradation kinetics of 36-CCZ showed a strong pH dependency with apparent second-order rate constants of 1.52–5.17 M–1 s–1 at pH 6–10. The degradation rates are comparable to that of pyrene in chlorination. Seven new chlorine-containing products P1–P7 were detected. Transformation pathways, involving electrophilic chlorination, nucleophilic water addition, aromatic ring opening, and HCl elimination, were proposed, and the reaction mechanism was explored. The product evolution versus time showed the first generation of the highly halogenated carbazoles of 1,3,6-trichlorocarbazole (P1) and 1,3,6,8-tetrachlorocarbazole (P2), followed by the generation of hydroxylated products P3–P7. The persistence of the seven products in chlorinated water over 24 h indicated that human exposure to PHCZs and/or their transformation products was highly possible. This study provides novel insights into the behaviors of PHCZs in drinking water.

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Assessment of endocrine-disrupting effects of emerging polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs): In vitro, in silico, and in vivo evidence

Cited by 46 publications

References 45 publications

Nontargeted Screening of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Fish Fillet Tissues from the Great Lakes

Nontargeted Screening of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Fish Fillet Tissues from the Great Lakes

Monitoring of emerging contaminants of concern in the aquatic environment: a review of studies showing the application of effect-based measures

Fate of New Persistent Organic Chemical 3,6-Dichlorocarbazole in Chlorinated Drinking Water

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