Assessment of Extent to Which Plastic Bag Waste Management Methods Used in Nairobi City Promote Sustainability

Aurah, Catherine

doi:10.12691/env-1-4-4

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Uganda is currently yet to implement the law on barning the used plastic bags. Unrestricted disposal of plastic bags not only lead to environmental pollution but limit the sustainability of life support systems, social harmony and human health (Aurah, 2013). It is therefore imperative to limit exposure of livestock to such contaminants as it leads to depression, reduced milk outlet, bloat and eventually economic loss (Nandwa, 2014) and in extreme cases, death of livestock.…”

Section: Problems Encountered With Use Of Rumen Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extent of rumen contents use in livestock diets among farmers in Uganda

Mwesigwa¹,

Migwi²,

Macharia³

et al. 2020

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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This study was conducted with the aim of finding how rumen contents are used in livestock diets, problems encountered and areas that needs improvement to enhance livestock production. One hundred livestock farmers from Kampala, Wakiso and Mukono districts were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The results showed that majority of the work force involved in livestock farming were middle aged adults between 30 and 45 years contributing 37% of total work force; this was followed by young adults between 20 and 30 years contributing 26% of the work force. The highest household (HH) size was (1-5) people contributing 68% of the total HH structure. Poultry farming, indigenous birds in particular were the most practiced enterprise among the respondents. High feed input prices (67%) were reported as the biggest problem faced by livestock farmers, followed by feed adulteration (44%). The use of peels and industrial by-products was reported as the most commonly used alternative feeding strategies to increasing feed prices. The use of rumen contents was still low and limited to pigs and layers. Inadequate knowledge in relation to rumen content inclusion rates in livestock diets was reported as the major hindrance to utilization of rumen contents in livestock. In general, farmers need sensitization from extension staff and research scientists with regard to efficient use of rumen contents in livestock diets.

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Section: Problems Encountered With Use Of Rumen Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extent of rumen contents use in livestock diets among farmers in Uganda

Mwesigwa¹,

Migwi²,

Macharia³

et al. 2020

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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“…The consumption of plastics in the country has increased to 4,000 tons per annum of polyethylene bags which together with hard plastics end up scattered in the environment creating “the plastics menace”. Kenya through the National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA) has embraced the 3Rs: Reduce, Re-use and Recycle concept of solid waste management but this has not addressed the problem of polyethylenes which remain scattered in the environment as recorded by [ 7 ]. Most recently, the Kenyan ministry of Natural Resources, through the NEMA imposed a ban on the use of polyethylene carrier bags from 28 th August 2017 in an attempt to reduce the amount of polyethylene being released into the environment [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradability of polyethylene by bacteria and fungi from Dandora dumpsite Nairobi-Kenya

Muhonja¹,

Makonde

Magoma³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

316

101

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This study aimed at isolating and identifying bacteria and fungi with the capacity to degrade low density polyethylene (LDPE). The level of biodegradation of LDPE sheets with bacterial and fungal inoculums from different sampling points of Dandora dumpsite was evaluated under laboratory conditions. Incubation of the LDPE sheets was done for sixteen weeks at 37°C and 28°C for bacteria and fungi respectively in a shaker incubator. Isolation of effective candidates for biodegradation was done based on the recorded biodegradation outcomes. The extent of biodegradation on the polyethylene sheets was assessed by various techniques including weight loss analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and GC-MS. Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed the appearance of new functional groups attributed to hydrocarbon degradation after incubation with the bacteria and fungi. Analysis of the 16S rDNA and 18S rDNA sequences for bacteria and fungi respectively showed that bacteria belonging to genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Cellulosimicrobium, Lysinibacillus and fungi of genus Aspergillus were implicated as polyethylene degraders. An overall analysis confirmed that fungi are generally better degraders of polyethylene than bacteria. The highest fungal degradation activity was a mean weight reduction of 36.4±5.53% attributed to Aspergillus oryzae strain A5, 1 (MG779508). The highest degradation activity for bacteria was a mean of 35.72± 4.01% and 20.28± 2.30% attributed to Bacillus cereus strain A5,a (MG645264) and Brevibacillus borstelensis strain B2,2 (MG645267) respectively. Genus Aspergillus, Bacillus and Brevibacillus were confirmed to be good candidates for Low Density Poly Ethene bio-degradation. This was further confirmed by the appearance of the aldehyde, ether and carboxyl functional groups after FTIR analysis of the polythene sheets and the appearance of a ketone which is also an intermediary product in the culture media. To improve this degrading capacity through assessment of optimum conditions for microbial activity and enzyme production will enable these findings to be applied commercially and on a larger scale.

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“…Polythene bags were reported the biggest contaminants found in slaughter wastes ( Table 5). Prevalence of polythene bags in slaughter wastes was a result of improper disposal of polythene bags by people, which eventually found their way into the environment from where they are eaten along following grazing (Aurah, 2013). Ingestion of polythene bags by livestock could be one of the reasons for their underperformance as ingested plastic bags leads to bloat and poor appetite (Nandwa, 2014).…”

Section: Contaminants Found In Slaughter Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abattoir waste use in livestock diets: Uganda’s current situation

Mwesigwa

Migwi

King'ori

et al. 2020

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech.

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In this study, we investigated the various ways slaughter wastes are utilized, problems encountered in order to give insights in future prospects of abattoir wastes as livestock feeds. A total of 100 abattoir workers were interviewed through semi-structured questionnaires covering Kampala, Wakiso and Mukono districts in Uganda. Results revealed that majority of abattoir work force were middle-aged adults between 30-45 years contributing 37% of total workers. There was a significant association between abattoir workers responses in relation to the proportion of livestock slaughtered (Chi square 147.55; df =2; p<0.0001) in the abattoirs. With reference to cattle, 1.06 and 1.01 more sheep and goats were slaughtered respectively in the dry season in comparison to the wet season. Blood was mostly disposed as animal feed ingredient (blood meal) by 40% of the respondents while rumen contents were mostly sold as manure by 59% of the respondents. Only 16% of the respondents processed rumen contents for livestock feeding. 92.3% of bones were sold for dog feeding while 7.7% of bones were processed for livestock feed ingredients. Polythene bags were reported the biggest contaminants found in slaughter wastes. Stench from slaughter wastes contents was the biggest problem encountered with handling of waste products by (62%) of the respondents. The handling of abattoir wastes was still rudimental at most abattoirs as envisaged by lack of proper handling facilities at the abattoirs. There is need for regular enforcements to ensure proper abattoir waste disposal mechanisms for enhanced livestock use. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 129-134, June 2020

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Assessment of Extent to Which Plastic Bag Waste Management Methods Used in Nairobi City Promote Sustainability

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Extent of rumen contents use in livestock diets among farmers in Uganda

Extent of rumen contents use in livestock diets among farmers in Uganda

Biodegradability of polyethylene by bacteria and fungi from Dandora dumpsite Nairobi-Kenya

Abattoir waste use in livestock diets: Uganda’s current situation

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