Assessment of Extractions of Deciduous Mandibular Canine Teeth to Correct Linguoversion Malocclusion in 17 Dogs

Abstract

A search of medical records at the Center for Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Gaithersburg, MD was conducted to identify patients who received extractions of deciduous mandibular canine teeth to treat linguoversion. Patients were included if they were less than 5.5 months of age and had a diagnosis of deciduous class 2 or bilateral class 1 malocclusions. Treatment was considered a success if normocclusion of the permanent dentition was achieved at follow up evaluation. Seventeen patients represented 13 different breeds. No significant correlation was seen between age of treatment (mean age 3.34 months) or sex (11 males, 6 females). Six patients had class 1 malocclusions (35.29%) and eleven patients had class 2 malocclusion (64.71%). Of the six dogs treated for class 1 malocclusions, two had traumatic palatal contact and four had only minor soft tissue contact. Eleven cases of class 2 malocclusion were treated and of these there was one mild, six moderate, and four severe cases of mandibular distocclusion. All cases treated for class 1 malocclusions had a successful outcome resulting in permanent normocclusion (100%), while class 2 malocclusions had success in three of eleven cases (27.27%). The outcomes based on occlusion type were determined to be significant (p = 0.009). All participants had immediate relief of soft tissue trauma and no significant side effects of treatment were recorded. The results show that extractions of deciduous linguoverted mandibular canine teeth (LMC) can immediately improve traumatic impingement and may be a factor in providing a comfortable and functional adult occlusion. Further investigation with a larger sample size would be warranted.

Outcome of Permanent Canine Teeth Following Extraction of Linguoverted Deciduous Mandibular Canine Teeth in 28 Dogs

“…Finally, the sample size for this publication was small, though much larger than a comparable study. 13 This study showed that when deciduous LMCs are extracted prior to the eruption of the permanent mandibular canine teeth, most dogs with class 1 malocclusion resulted in a normal permanent occlusion. Furthermore, in this study, individuals treated for permanent LMCs with abnormal soft tissue contact that were diagnosed during the eruption phase were successfully treated by gingivectomy and gingivoplasty.…”

“…Finally, the sample size for this publication was small, though much larger than a comparable study. 13…”

“…A recent study reported that 100% of a small group of dogs undergoing treatment for a deciduous class 1 malocclusion with deciduous LMCs had a normal permanent occlusion. 13 An earlier report discussed treatment strategies for permanent LMCs in a group of patients that had extraction of deciduous LMCs indicating that not all patients treated for deciduous LMCs will have a normal permanent occlusion. 14 Ultimately, more data is needed regarding dogs treated for deciduous LMC and the ensuing occlusion of the permanent dentition.…”