Assessment of facial asymmetry before and after the surgical repair of cleft lip in unilateral cleft lip and palate cases

Al-Rudainy, Dhelal; Ju, Xiangyang; Mehendale, Felicity V.; Ayoub, Ashraf

doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2017.08.007

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Furthermore, one study used superimposition of individual 3D images for evaluation of facial morphology before and after nasoalveolar molding and primary cheilorhinoplasty (Wu et al, 2016). One recent study used superimposition of 3D images with generic meshes for evaluation of facial morphology before and after primary cheilorhinoplasty (Al-Rudainy et al, 2018). The use of a generic mesh is a recent advancement in technical analysis of 3D facial images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional facial development of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate during the first year of life in comparison with normative average faces

Brons

Meulstee

Loonen

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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Background Stereophotogrammetry can be used to study facial morphology in both healthy individuals as well as subjects with orofacial clefts because it shows good reliability, ability to capture images rapidly, archival capabilities, and high resolution, and does not require ionizing radiation. This study aimed to compare the three-dimensional (3D) facial morphology of infants born with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) with an age-matched normative 3D average face before and after primary closure of the lip and soft palate. Methods Thirty infants with a non-syndromic complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate participated in the study. Three-dimensional images were acquired at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age. All subjects were treated according to the primary surgical protocol consisting of surgical closure of the lip and the soft palate at 6 months of age. Three-dimensional images of UCLP patients at 3, 6 (pre-treatment), 9, and 12 months of age were superimposed on normative datasets of average facial morphology using the children’s reference frame. Distance maps of the complete 3D facial surface and the nose, upper lip, chin, forehead, and cheek regions were developed. Results Assessments of the facial morphology of UCLP and control subjects by using color-distance maps showed large differences in the upper lip region at the location of the cleft defect and an asymmetry at the nostrils at 3 and 6 months of age. At 9 months of age, the labial symmetry was completely restored although the tip of the nose towards the unaffected side showed some remnant asymmetry. At 12 months of age, the symmetry of the nose improved, with only some remnant asymmetry noted on both sides of the nasal tip. At all ages, the mandibular and chin regions of the UCLP patients were 2.5–5 mm posterior to those in the average controls. Conclusion In patients with UCLP deviations from the normative average 3D facial morphology of age-matched control subjects existed for the upper lip, nose, and even the forehead before lip and soft palate closure was performed. Compared to the controls symmetry in the upper lip was restored, and the shape of the upper lip showed less variation after primary lip and soft palate closure. At this early age, retrusion of the soft-tissue mandible and chin, however, seems to be developing already.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional facial development of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate during the first year of life in comparison with normative average faces

Brons

Meulstee

Loonen

et al. 2019

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…By analyzing symmetry in control groups, surgeons are able to have a general idea of a “background range” of left‐to‐right deviations in order to assess how much UCLP patients deviate from the norm (Patel et al, ). Moreover, statistical symmetry differences are clinically and practically significant because surgical teams are able to quantify patients' improvement following operations (Al‐Rudainy et al, ). For example, Al‐Rudainy and colleagues have illustrated the clinical and practical significance of advancing treatment techniques by measuring infants born with UCLP that exhibited asymmetry at the bridge of the nose, upper lip, and in the paranasal area, subsequently illustrating that overall facial asymmetry was decreased following surgery despite the fact that some mediolateral and anteroposterior asymmetries remained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruption of symmetry: A quantitative assessment of facial skeleton anatomy in children born with unilateral cleft lip and palate

Ahmad

Starbuck

2018

Clinical Anatomy

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“…Manuscript to be reviewed nasoalveolar molding and primary cheilorhinoplasty (Wu et al, 2016). One recent study used superimposition of 3D images with generic meshes for evaluation of facial morphology before and after primary cheilorhinoplasty (Al-Rudainy et al, 2018). The use of a generic mesh is a recent advancement in technical analysis of 3D facial images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #3 of "Three-dimensional facial development of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate during the first year of life in comparison with normative average faces (v0.1)"

2019

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Background. Stereophotogrammetry can be used to study facial morphology in both healthy individuals as well as subjects with orofacial clefts because it shows good reliability, ability to capture images rapidly, archival capabilities, and high resolution, and does not require ionizing radiation. This study aimed to compare the 3D facial morphology of infants born with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) with an age-matched normative 3D average face before and after primary closure of the lip and soft palate. Methods. Thirty infants with a non-syndromic complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate participated in the study. 3D images were acquired at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age. All subjects were treated according to the primary surgical protocol consisting of surgical closure of the lip and the soft palate at 6 months of age. 3D images of UCLP patients at 3, 6 (pre-treatment), 9, and 12 months of age were superimposed on normative datasets of average facial morphology using the children's reference frame. Distance maps of the complete 3D facial surface and the nose, upper lip, chin, forehead, and cheek regions were developed. Results. Assessments of the facial morphology of UCLP and control subjects by using color-distance maps showed large differences in the upper lip region at the location of the cleft defect and an asymmetry at the nostrils at 3 and 6 months of age. At 9 months of age, the labial symmetry was completely restored although the tip of the nose towards the unaffected side showed some remnant asymmetry. At 12 months of age, the symmetry of the nose improved, with only some remnant asymmetry noted on both sides of the nasal tip. At all ages, the mandibular and chin regions of the UCLP patients were 2.5-5 mm posterior to those in the average controls. Conclusion. In patients with UCLP deviations from the normative average 3D facial morphology of agematched control subjects existed for the upper lip, nose, and even the forehead before lip and soft palate closure was performed. Compared to the controls symmetry in the upper lip was restored, and the shape of the upper lip showed less variation after primary lip and soft palate closure. At this early age, retrusion of the soft-tissue mandible and chin, however, seems to be developing already.

show abstract

Assessment of facial asymmetry before and after the surgical repair of cleft lip in unilateral cleft lip and palate cases

Cited by 27 publications

References 16 publications

Three-dimensional facial development of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate during the first year of life in comparison with normative average faces

Three-dimensional facial development of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate during the first year of life in comparison with normative average faces

Disruption of symmetry: A quantitative assessment of facial skeleton anatomy in children born with unilateral cleft lip and palate

Peer Review #3 of "Three-dimensional facial development of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate during the first year of life in comparison with normative average faces (v0.1)"

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