Assessment of Foodgrain Production Loss Due to Climate Induced Enhanced Soil Salinity

Habibullah, Mohammad; Ahmed, Ahsan Uddin; Karim, Zahurul

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-9325-0_5

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…5b) with distinct geographic differences because groundwater is more accessible in north-western districts [39,40]. In contrast, southern districts are more susceptible to salinity intrusion than any other parts of the country [41,42], resulting in a lower use of tube wells (Fig. 5b).…”

Section: Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal analysis of the impact of climate, cropping intensity and means of irrigation: an assessment on rice yield determinants in Bangladesh

2016

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Background: Rice (Oryza sativa) is the most important staple food for almost half of the global population. Improvement of rice yield is of global concern and is influenced by a wide variety of regional factors including climate and agricultural management. This research addresses the need to understand the relative influence of these factors and develop geographically explicit determinants of rice yield across Bangladesh. The specific objectives of this study were (a) to assess spatial and temporal variation in rice yield, cropping intensity and means of irrigation, and (b) to evaluate the relative importance of spatio-temporal change in climate, cropping intensity and means of irrigation on rice yield. A database on rice yield, management practices (cropping intensity and means of irrigation) and climate was collected from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics and Bangladesh Meteorological Department, respectively, for the years of 1981-2010. Linear mixed models were used to assess the influence of different determinants on rice yield. Results:The results indicate that irrigation, particularly groundwater irrigation, had a stronger influence on rice yield than climatic conditions and cropping intensity in Bangladesh during the study period. Temperature and rainfall showed negative impacts on yield. Rice yield also declined when cropping intensity increased. Conclusions:Both climate and groundwater extraction need to be considered in future policy development. However, the current extraction rate of groundwater may not be sustainable in the future to increase rice yield. The study concludes that spatio-temporal differences in observed yield allow interpretation of potential determinants that are important for food policy development in Bangladesh.

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Section: Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal analysis of the impact of climate, cropping intensity and means of irrigation: an assessment on rice yield determinants in Bangladesh

2016

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“…For example, studies by Zeidler (1997), Day et al (1995), Habibullah et al (1999) and Osterkamp et al (2001) conclude that salinisation in low-lying coastal areas in different parts of the world will cause changes in existing ecosystems and in some places loss of arable land over the next decades if no measures are taken. In all cases, water management will play a dominant role.…”

Section: S Eeman Et Al: Response To Recharge Variation Of Thin Rainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to recharge variation of thin rainwater lenses and their mixing zone with underlying saline groundwater

Eeman

Zee

Leijnse

et al. 2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. In coastal zones with saline groundwater, fresh groundwater lenses may form due to infiltration of rain water. The thickness of both the lens and the mixing zone, determines fresh water availability for plant growth. Due to recharge variation, the thickness of the lens and the mixing zone are not constant, which may adversely affect agricultural and natural vegetation if saline water reaches the root zone during the growing season. In this paper, we study the response of thin lenses and their mixing zone to variation of recharge. The recharge is varied using sinusoids with a range of amplitudes and frequencies. We vary lens characteristics by varying the Rayleigh number and Mass flux ratio of saline and fresh water, as these dominantly influence the thickness of thin lenses and their mixing zone. Numerical results show a linear relation between the normalised lens volume and the main lens and recharge characteristics, enabling an empirical approximation of the variation of lens thickness. Increase of the recharge amplitude causes increase and the increase of recharge frequency causes a decrease in the variation of lens thickness. The average lens thickness is not significantly influenced by these variations in recharge, contrary to the mixing zone thickness. The mixing zone thickness is compared to that of a Fickian mixing regime. A simple relation between the travelled distance of the centre of the mixing zone position due to variations in recharge and the mixing zone thickness is shown to be valid for both a sinusoidal recharge variation and actual records of daily recharge data. Starting from a step response function, convolution can be used to determine the effect of variable recharge in time. For a sinusoidal curve, we can determine delay of lens movement compared to the recharge curve as well as the lens amplitude, derived from the convolution integral. Together the proposed equations provide us with a first order approximation of lens characteristics using basic lens and recharge parameters without the use of numerical models. This enables the assessment of the vulnerability of any thin fresh water lens on saline, upward seeping groundwater to salinity stress in the root zone.

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“…Habibullah et al (1999) developed a computer model specifically to assess the impacts of salinity intrusion on wet season and early wet season rice production in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. They reported that weather events driven by climate change would likely exacerbate soil salinity considerably in these areas.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sustainability of Rice-Based Cropping Systems in Coastal Bangladesh: Bio-Economic Analysis of Current and Future Climate Scenarios

Kabir¹

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Agricultural sustainability is an issue of great significance for Bangladesh, especially in the vulnerable conditions of the south-west coastal region. This is the case both currently and in light of projected climate and salinity trends in the coastal region. The research reported in this thesis aimed to assess the current and future sustainability of rice-based cropping systems in the south-west coastal region and to identify options to improve the livelihoods and food security of coastal dwellers. To achieve this aim, the research sought to evaluate the contributions of rice and other crops to the agroeconomic viability (profitability and risk) of current cropping systems; to assess the implications of projected future climate and salinity for the economic viability of alternative cropping systems; and to explore the dynamics of farm-level adaptation to changes in climate and salinity.The farm household was taken as the basic unit of analysis and conventional techniques of farm management research (partial, enterprise, whole-farm, and stochastic budgets) were used, supplemented with the results of climate and crop simulation models to project economic viability in future scenarios. Tools from rural livelihoods analysis were also applied to the study of household adaptation strategies. Two contrasting villages in Dacope Sub-district were chosen for the research.In Shaheberabad arable land was widely used for rice and non-rice cropping, while farmers in Uttar Kaminibasia practised rice/fish farming in the wet season and brackish-water shrimp farming in the dry season. Four household types were identified -large, medium, small, and landless -to capture the range of circumstances within each village. A range of quantitative and qualitative techniques were used to collect data from these villages and household types, including group interviews, key informant interviews, household case studies, and household questionnaire surveys.Rice farming was the most important livelihood activity in the wet season in both villages, providing food, cash, and employment. In the dry season, the rice fields were used for a range of non-rice crops in Shaheberabad or for brackish-water shrimp in Uttar Kaminibasia. In addition, homestead gardening, aquaculture, and livestock rearing were undertaken, more in the first village than the second. Wage employment and/or self-employment activities were also integral to the livelihoods of most households. This diversification itself contributed to sustainability.The currently-practised rice/non-rice and rice-fish/shrimp systems were economically viable given typical seasonal yields and prices. However, seasonal variability in yields and prices affected the profitability of the cropping systems. The profitability of dry-season crops in Shaheberabad was frequently affected by climatic stresses (erratic rainfall and drought) and soil salinity, due mainly to inadequate access to freshwater irrigation. Likewise, the profitability of shrimp in Uttar Kaminibasia iii was affected by climatic...

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Assessment of Foodgrain Production Loss Due to Climate Induced Enhanced Soil Salinity

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Spatio-temporal analysis of the impact of climate, cropping intensity and means of irrigation: an assessment on rice yield determinants in Bangladesh

Spatio-temporal analysis of the impact of climate, cropping intensity and means of irrigation: an assessment on rice yield determinants in Bangladesh

Response to recharge variation of thin rainwater lenses and their mixing zone with underlying saline groundwater

The Sustainability of Rice-Based Cropping Systems in Coastal Bangladesh: Bio-Economic Analysis of Current and Future Climate Scenarios

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