Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in mungbean

Abstract

This study was carried out to assess the genetic diversity and to analyze the population genetic structure for a total of 692 mungbean accessions preserved at National Agrobiodiversity Center (NAC) of the Rural Development Administration (RDA), Korea. Mungbean accessions were collected from 27 countries in nine different geographic regions, and were genotyped using 15 microsatellite markers, which were developed in our previous study. A total of 66 alleles were detected among 692 accessions at all the loci with an average of 4.4 alleles per locus. All the microsatellite loci were found to be polymorphic. The expected heterozygosity (HE) and polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.081 to 0.588 (mean = 0.345) and from 0.080 to 0.544 (mean = 0.295), respectively. Of the 66 alleles, 17 (25.8%) were common (frequency range between 0.05 and 0.5), 15 (22.7%) were abundant (frequency range > 0.5), and 34 (51.5%) were rare (frequency range < 0.05). Locus GB-VR-7 provided the highest number of rare alleles(eight), followed by GB-VR-91(six) and GB-VR-113(four). Country-wide comparative study on genetic diversity showed that accessions from the USA possessed the highest genetic diversity (PIC) followed by Nepal, Iran, and Afghanistan. And region-wide showed that accessions from Europe possessed the highest average genetic diversity, followed by accessions from the USA, South Asia, West Asia, and Oceania. Twenty-seven countries were grouped into seven clades by phylogenetic relationship analysis, but clustering pattern did not strictly follow their geographical origin because of extensive germplasm exchange between/among countries and regions. As a result of a model-based analysis (STRUC-TURE) of microsatellite data, two distinct genetic groups were identified which shared more than 75% membership with one of the two genetic groups. However the genetic group pattern did not reflect their geographical origin. The Duncan's Multiple Range Test among these two genetic groups and an admixed group, with a mean of 16 phenotypic traits, showed significant difference in 12 quantitative and qualitative traits on the basis of ANOVA. These 15 newly developed SSR markers proved to be useful as DNA markers to detect genetic variation in mungbean germplasm for reasonable management and crossbreeding purposes.

Comparison of Population Genetic Structures between Asian and American Mungbean Accessions Using SSR Markers

“…Fifteen SSR primers developed by Gwag (2008) were used for genotyping. A three-primer system (Schuelke, 2000) was used to determine the size of PCR products.…”

“…Mungbean sprouts are a common food in some Asian countries and are an excellent source of protein, calcium, and vitamin C. It is commonly used as a vegetable accompaniment to a meal (Rehman, Ali, Saleem, & Tadesse, 2010). Mungbean is characterized by a short growth period and early maturity, which allows adaption to multiple cropping systems of the lowland tropics and subtropics (Gwag, 2008).…”

Assessment of molecular diversity of greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilzek] through RAPD

“…Estimation of the genetic variation in green gram has been carried out using various molecular markers that includes RAPD (Santalla et al 1998, Afzal et al 2004, Lavanya et al 2008, Saini et al 2010, Undal et al 2011, Sony et al 2012and Bhuyan et al 2014, AFLP (Bhat et al 2005), ISSR (Reddy et al 2008) and SSR (Gwag et al 2010, Gena et al 2015. For simple, efficient and economic way of cultivar identification and diversity analysis RAPD-PCR based DNA finger printing has widely used (Gherardi et al, 1998).…”

Comparison of Genetic Diversity among Amaranth Accessions from South and Southeast Asia using SSR Markers

“…DNA molecular markers based on PCR have proved to be a useful and informative tool for estimating the genetic diversity and genetic relationships in crop germplasm (Gwag et al, 2010;Li and Park, 2012;Zhao et al, 2010;Zhao et al, 2011). Several molecular approaches have been employed to assess genetic diversity in Amaranthus.…”

“…Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) DNA markers have been used to determine the genetic relationship among weedy Amaranthus species (Wassom and Tranel, 2005). SSR markers have been shown to be a particularly powerful tool for this kind of research because of their abundance in eukaryotic genomes, co-dominance, and high frequency of polymorphisms (Gwag et al, 2010;Moe et al, 2010;Zhao et al, 2012). SSR has also been applied to evaluation of the genetic diversity and population structure in Amaranthus (Khaing et al, 2013).…”