Assessment of Genetic Diversity for Some Egyptian Wheat Varieties based on Morphological Characters and SSR Markers

Abstract

The genetic diversity estimates can be useful in important genotypes selection for plant breeders. Eight durum and three bread wheat cultivars were used to study and compare morphological traits with molecular study using SSR technique based genetic diversity estimates. Significant and highly significant differences among wheat genotypes were observed for all traits except flag leaf attitude and outer glume pubescence. Highly significant differences were obtained between durum and bread wheat genotypes for most studied traits. Moderate to low broad-sense heritability estimates were obtained for morphological studied traits. Positive and high significant correlation was found for ear density with foliage color (r= 0.51), waxiness of flag leaf sheath (r= 0.57), waxiness of peduncle (r= 0.60) and peduncle length (r= 0.53), whereas a negative correlation was found between ear density and plant height (r=-0.52, P<0.01). However, waxiness of flag leaf sheath was positively correlated with ear waxiness (r= 0.53, P<0.01), waxiness of peduncle (r= 0.56, P<0.01), and Peduncle length (r= 0.43, P<0.05). The higher polymorphism (90.63%) was found in the B genome than in the A genome (81.97%). Single marker analysis showed that 11 SSR markers were significantly associated with phenotypic traits, including Xgwm111-2B associated with waxiness of peduncle. A significant but low correlation (r = 0.25) was found between the dissimilarity matrix generated from the phenotypic data and that obtained from the SSR markers, suggesting that the characterization based on agromorphological traits and SSR markers will be a useful tool to the breeders for selection of genotypes with appropriate.

Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat Genotypes for Drought Tolerance Using Canopy Reflectance-Based Phenotyping and SSR Marker-Based Genotyping

“…Overall, the B and D genomes have more diversity in drought tolerance than the A genome. This finding agrees in part with recent findings by Jaiswal et al [63], El-Rawy [64], and El-Rawy and Hassan [11], who reported substantial genetic diversity among wheat genotypes in the B genome.…”

Varietal identification in pasta through an SSR‐based approach: a case study

“…Considering all the other markers, a total of 30 alleles were detected, which ranged from 2 ( DuPw115 ) to 6 ( Xgwm155 ) (see Supporting information, Tables S1 and S2). Xgwm155 resulted the most polymorphic marker, as also observed in previous studies 37‐39 . Among the durum wheat varieties, Nadif and Marco Aurelio appeared to be the most similar (Fig.…”

“…Xgwm155 resulted the most polymorphic marker, as also observed in previous studies. [37][38][39] Among the durum wheat varieties, Nadif and Marco Aurelio appeared to be the most similar (Fig. 1).…”

“…SSR markers are widely used to genotype agricultural species, including Triticum ones, and their effectiveness in discriminating the durum wheat varieties is consolidated. [35][36][37][38] All the markers amplified PCR fragments except the D genome-specific SSR marker Xgwm003, for which no amplification product was observed for any sample, that common wheat is absent or present in a such low amount to be undetectable in the commercial samples. Considering all the other markers, a total of 30 alleles were detected, which ranged from 2 (DuPw115) to 6 (Xgwm155) (see Supporting information, Tables S1 and S2).…”

“…With the main purpose of verifying the feasibility of a simple and versatile SSR‐based approach for pasta traceability, we analyzed 25 commercial semolina and pasta products by means of 10 SSR markers, out of which nine were for durum wheat and one was for bread wheat and compared the molecular profiles with those obtained from 14 certified durum wheat varieties. SSR markers are widely used to genotype agricultural species, including Triticum ones, and their effectiveness in discriminating the durum wheat varieties is consolidated 35‐38 . All the markers amplified PCR fragments except the D genome‐specific SSR marker Xgwm003 , for which no amplification product was observed for any sample, indicating that common wheat is absent or present in a such low amount to be undetectable in the commercial samples.…”