Assessment of Genetic Variation Within Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea) Germplasm Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers

Abstract

Genetic diversity among 45 Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) genotypes comprising 37 germplasm collections, five advance breeding lines and three improved cultivars was investigated at the DNA level using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Fifteen primers used generated a total of 92 RAPD fragments, of which 81 (88%) were polymorphic. Of these, 13 were unique to accession 'Pak85559'. Each primer produced four to nine amplified products with an average of 6.13 bands per primer. Based on pairwise comparisons of RAPD amplification products, Nei and Li's similarity coefficients were calculated to evaluate the relationships among the accessions. Pairwise similarity indices were higher among the oilseed accessions and cultivars showing narrow ranges of 0.77-0.99. An unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages cluster analysis based on these genetic similarities placed most of the collections and oilseed cultivars close to each other, showing a low level of polymorphism between the accessions used. However, the clusters formed by oilseed collections and cultivars were comparatively distinct from that of advanced breeding lines. Genetically, all of the accessions were classified into a few major groups and a number of individual accessions. Advanced breeding lines were relatively divergent from the rest of the accessions and formed independent clusters. Clustering of the accessions did not show any pattern of association between the RAPD markers and the collection sites. A low level of genetic variability of oilseed mustard was attributed to the selection for similar traits and horticultural uses. Perhaps close parentage of these accessions further contributed towards their little diversity. The study demonstrated that RAPD is a simple and fast technique to compare the genetic relationship and pattern of variation among the gene pool of this crop.

Variability of Rapeseed and Mustard in Manipur and its Reaction to Albugo candida

“…6.72%, 6.35%, 6.24% and 6.14% respectively. The present findings agree with Khan et al, (2008) worked on genetic diversity among 45 Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) genotypes comprising 37 germplasm collections, five advance breeding lines and three improved cultivars was investigated at the DNA level using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. The socio-economic changes in agriculture, easy exchange of seed material between neighboring regions and perhaps close ancestry of these cultivars/genotypes played an additional role towards their lesser diversity.…”

Characterization of the genetic structure of mango ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.) from Myanmar in farm and genebank collection by the neutral and functional genomic markers

“…In fact the germplasm representing farmers' accessions are the landraces that are being maintained and cultivated over generations by the rural farmers. For the long-term survival and to tolerate environmental forces, existence of genetic variability is considered as a pre-requisite (Siddiqui et al 2007a;Siddiqui et al 2007b;Khan et al 2008;Rabbani et al 2008;Sultana and Ghafoor, 2008). For the vegetatively propagating species like C. amada having sexual reproduction constraints, this factor becomes more important and crucial.…”

Evaluación de la diversidad genética en genotipos de <i>Brassica juncea</i> (Brassicaceae) utilizando diferencias fenotípicas y marcadores SSR

“…In B. juncea various marker systems have been used for assessing the genetic diversity. There is increasing number of reports where molecular markers like Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, (RFLP; Song, Osborn & Williams, 1988;Diers & Osborn, 1994;Hallden, Nilsson, Rading & Sall, 1994;Das Santos, Nienhuis, Skroch, Tivang & Slocum, 1994), Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs, (RAPDs; Ghosh, Haque, Parvin, Akhter & Rahim, 2009;Yildirim, Yildirim, Ercisli, Agar & Karlidag, 2010;Khan et al, 2011), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism, (AFLP; Sun, Zhao, Song & Chen, 2001;Guo, Zhou, Ma & Cao, 2002;Zhao et al, 2005) and microsatellites or Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs; Abbas, Farhatullah, Marwat, Khan & Munir, 2009;Wang et al, 2009;Redden, Vardy, Edwards, Raman & Batley, 2009) have been used to study genome organization, varietal differences and diversity analysis in Brassicas. SSRs are co-dominant, highly polymorphic PCR-based markers and are expected to be very powerful in cultivar discrimination.…”