Assessment of geochemical modeling applications and research hot spots—a year in review

Khalidy, Reza

doi:10.1007/s10653-021-00862-w

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 230 publications

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“…The previously mentioned issue is a rising "hot" topic that researchers have already begun to study by researchers of various disciplines. Last but not least, another huge chapter of the ESPR is geochemical modeling, on which researchers need to focus on the generation of new thermodynamic and kinetic data (in addition to surface complexation models, among other mechanistic models) (Khalidy and Santos 2021) to optimize the modeling procedure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentially toxic elements in groundwater: a hotspot research topic in environmental science and pollution research

Papazotos

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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A scientometric analysis based on the Scopus database was conducted to provide insight into research activities on the occurrence of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn) in groundwater during 1970-2019. The selection of these PTEs was based on their significance concerning their reference frequency in environmental science and pollution research (ESPR) studies and their toxicity to living organisms. The analysis utilizes data about the quantity, type, journal, geographical, institutional, and funding patterns of publications. The results indicate that the publications' annual output has increased over the years, and especially after 2000, it presents a remarkable growth rate. The most studied PTEs were As and Pb; nevertheless, the research on the rest of PTEs cannot be neglected as it shows continuously increasing trends over time. The evolution of instrumentation and the dissemination of contamination case studies that affect a large part of the world population contributed significantly to the scientific community and relative stakeholders' interest. According to the analysis, the USA and China are the two principal countries with the most considerable contribution, producing the most research regarding the number of publications, research institutions, and funding sponsors. China owns the most influential research institution (i.e., Chinese Academy of Sciences) and largest funding sponsor (i.e., National Natural Science Foundation of China; ≈5% of global funding) on a worldwide scale due to its investment in research and development (R&D) and is expected to become the greatest force in the future.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentially toxic elements in groundwater: a hotspot research topic in environmental science and pollution research

Papazotos

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…In addition to the presence of thorium in primary minerals, Chadirji-Martinez et al, (2022) point to the presence of Th as a substitution in REE sites and anhydrite, and such substitutions have implications for physical and chemical recovery in terms of extraction strategies needed depending on the speciation split of Th in the ores. With limited dedicated experimental research on thorium recovery from minerals, geochemical modeling is a powerful tool that can be used to screen potential extraction, recovery, and purification processes (Khalidy and Santos, 2021). Examples of thorium geochemical modeling efforts include studies on determining the speciation of co-existing thorium and uranium in natural waters from a contaminant perspective (Lofts et al, 2015), and in assessing the stability and mobility of thorium in radioactive waste disposal, storage, and site remediation (Hummel, 2005).…”

Section: Major Thorium Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of thorium as a prospective natural resource for future energy

2023

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Thorium is a naturally occurring radioactive element that has been identified as a potential alternative fuel for nuclear energy production. Additionally, thorium-based nuclear reactors have inherent safety features that reduce the risk of nuclear accidents and proliferation. As a result, there has been growing interest in the development of thorium-based nuclear energy as a viable alternative to fossil fuels. This paper looks at the present status of thorium nuclear fuel technology, providing an overview of thorium as a prospective natural resource for future energy, the global availability of mineral supplies, and discusses the technical, economic, and environmental factors that may influence its implementation. Potential advantages and challenges critical to further development associated with thorium-based nuclear energy are highlighted as well, and an outlook on its future prospects is provided. Thorium offers advantageous physical and chemical properties over uranium, has a higher energy density, and produces less waste, in addition to its greater natural abundance, making it to be considered a “future nuclear fuel”. There are concerns about the cost and scalability of thorium-based nuclear energy, with uncertainty around the cost to develop, build, and operate thorium reactors, as it has not yet been demonstrated in large-scale commercial reactors—although almost all current reactor types have been built and run using thorium—as it is the case with Uranium-based nuclear technology—the dominant form of nuclear energy for over half a century, having received much more investment and attention than thorium-based technology. Thorium has the potential to contribute towards a more sustainable nuclear industry, including lower lifecycle emissions and more efficient resource utilization, but for this, an acceleration of efforts to date is needed to ensure that this becomes an important climate change stabilizing wedge by the mid-21st century.

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“…The current challenge of ERW implementation is the uncertainty with respect to the fate of neo-formed PC and its permanence. This points to the importance of developing predictive tools, such as a reactive transport modeling framework [67,80], in order to predict the long-term fate of PC in soil over decades to millennial time scales. It is also recognized that such complex carbon removal approaches require the participation of transdisciplinary actors to enable wide dissemination of its potential and best practices, and equitable and sustainable implementation, which in turn is critical for the inclusion of this approach into relevant global climate policies [81].…”

Section: Sequestration Of Atmospheric Co 2 As Pedogenic Carbonate Thr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and Human-Induced Factors on the Accumulation and Migration of Pedogenic Carbonate in Soil: A Review

Khalidy

Arnaud

2022

Land

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As a principal part of the atmosphere–lithosphere interface, soil plays a key role in regulating the atmospheric CO2 concentration and global climate. Comprising two major pools (carbonate in soils and bicarbonate in groundwater), soil inorganic carbon (SIC) is deemed as the primary carbon (C) sink and source in areas with low mean annual rainfall. SIC may originate from soil parent material or from the formation of secondary carbonate when divalent cations from an extraneous source are supplied. The latter may result in pedogenic carbonate (PC) formation, increasing soil C content and sequestering atmospheric carbon. Since the sequestration of atmospheric CO2 through formation of pedogenic carbonate is gaining popularity as a method to support climate change mitigation efforts and to claim carbon credits, the mechanisms influencing the formation and migration of pedogenic carbonate need to be well understood. The present review provides an overview of the available literature on potential natural and anthropogenic factors influencing the pedogenic carbonate pool in soils. Firstly, the overall mechanisms of pedogenic carbonate formation, as well as the control factors, are described. Secondly, the impact of various land-use changes on pedogenic carbon pool modification is discussed. Then, the potential of stabilizing atmospheric CO2 through PC formation and the challenges and techniques of tracking the formation of PC through engineered pathways in soils are explored. Finally, isotopic signature as a technique for distinguishing neo-formed carbonate in soil is scrutinized.

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Assessment of geochemical modeling applications and research hot spots—a year in review

Cited by 15 publications

References 230 publications

Potentially toxic elements in groundwater: a hotspot research topic in environmental science and pollution research

Potentially toxic elements in groundwater: a hotspot research topic in environmental science and pollution research

An overview of thorium as a prospective natural resource for future energy

Natural and Human-Induced Factors on the Accumulation and Migration of Pedogenic Carbonate in Soil: A Review

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