Assessment of gestational age of the Asian fetus by the sonar measurement of crown‐rump length and biparietal diameter

Parker, Ashton J.; Davies, Paul; Newton, Richard

doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1982.tb05036.x

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Prior studies have also evaluated the influence of maternal race on different types of fetal biometry. According to Parker et al, 7 measurements of the crown-rump length and biparietal diameter are similar for Asian and white fetuses up to 20 weeks. Lai and Yeo, 8 on the other hand, demonstrated slightly smaller biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length-more pronounced over the course of gestation-in Asian compared with white fetuses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Variation in fetal femur length with respect to maternal race.

Shipp

Bromley

Mascola

et al. 2001

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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We sought to evaluate whether the expected fetal femur length, based on biparietal diameter, varies in second-trimester fetuses with respect to maternal race. The study population was composed of all fetuses scanned from 15 to 20 completed weeks' gestation during a 2-month period (June to August 1998). Maternal race was documented at the time of the ultrasonographic examination. Biparietal diameter and femur length were prospectively documented. The variance from the expected femur length, given the biparietal diameter, was calculated, and the mean variations were compared according to maternal race. The study subgroups were composed of the fetuses of 39 Asian mothers, 31 black mothers, and the first 100 white mothers. The mean values of the variance from the expected fetal femur length by biparietal diameter +/- 1 SD for the various racial groups were as follows: fetuses of Asian mothers, -0.66 +/- 1.64 mm; fetuses of black mothers, 0.88 +/- 1.57 mm; and fetuses of white mothers, 0.13 +/- 1.66 mm (P = .0007). To isolate the differences among the 3 racial groups, the mean values of the variance from the expected femur length by biparietal diameter for the fetuses of Asian and black mothers were compared with the mean value for the fetuses of white mothers (Asian versus white mothers, P = .014; black versus white mothers, P = .026). A significant difference in the mean variance from the expected femur length by biparietal diameter was identified among the fetuses of women in the second trimester with respect to racial group. Less-than-expected femur lengths were noted among the fetuses of Asian mothers, and greater-than-expected femur lengths were noted among the fetuses of black mothers, compared with the femurs of fetuses of white mothers. The implications for the use of fetal femur length as a component of the genetic sonogram in patients of various races require further study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Variation in fetal femur length with respect to maternal race.

Shipp

Bromley

Mascola

et al. 2001

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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“…Otherwise, the MSLL measurement was used. Although previous studies have indicated that both linear 13,16 and linear-quadratic [13][14][15][17][18][19][20][21] functions are capable of describing the growth of fetal length during the first trimester, only linear (y = a0 + a1(x)) and quadratic (y = a0 + a1(x 2 )) functions were fitted to all fetal length (dependent variable)-menstrual age (independent variable) pairs from individual fetuses by the method of least squares 25 . Both of the functions had very high R 2 values (> 96-98%) in individual fetuses and their use permitted simple comparisons of slope values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As with other anatomical measurements that change with age, the data on fetal length and age can be used to establish methods for determining the age of the fetus or for defining fetal growth standards. Nine of the previous publications are concerned with age determination [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] , seven with growth evaluation [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and four with both 1,[19][20][21] . Of these investigations, only six have indicated that multiple measurements from individual fetuses were obtained 1,4,7,11,13,15 and in only one case 13 was the growth of individual fetuses characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual growth patterns in the first trimester: evidence for difference in embryonic and fetal growth rates

Deter

Buster

Casson

et al. 1999

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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First-trimester growth studies in individual fetuses indicate that there is a change in length growth rate between 9 and 10 weeks, menstrual age. This is consistent with a shift in development from organogenesis to growth. These results can be used for more accurate assessment of first-trimester growth and may aid in the detection of fetal problems that manifest themselves as growth abnormalities.

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“…The gestational ages of the Chinese fetuses studied ranged from [16][17][18][19][20] weeks. The observed femur length measurements were compared with the corresponding data in Hadlock's chart with the Student's t test.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic Evaluation of the Fetal Femur Length in the Chinese Population

Lachman

Shen

1996

Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography

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S o n g r a m s o f 1 2 8 c h i n e s e f e t u s e s s c a n n e d between 16-20 week' gestational age, with l a s t m e n s t r u a l p e r i o d a n d a v e r a g e s o n og r a p h i c a g e c o r r e s p o n d i n g b y ± 1 0 d a y s , w e r e e v a l u a t e d r e t r o s p e c t i v e l y . T h e f e t a l f e m u r l e n g h t w a s m e a s u r e d l o n g i t u d i n a l l y u s i n g a l i n e a r p h a s e d a r r a y t r a n s d u c e r . T h e o b s e r v e d s p o n d i n g d a t a i n H a d l o c k ' s c h a r t , w h i c h i s based on a white middle class population. Res u l t s i n d i c a t e d t h a t t h e c h i n e s e f e m u r l e n g h t w a s s h o r t e r t h a n t h e h a d l o c k v a l u e s b y o . 5 6 m m . T h e a n a l y s i s o f v a r i a n c e r e v e a l e d t h a t this differency. Although the findings were statisf o r a n a d j u s t m e n t t o t h e H a d l o c k c h a r t , a sThe ultrasound measurement of the fetal femur length is considered one of the most accurate biometric measurements in determining gestational age.l I However, the femur length charts most commonly used are Hadlock's tables, which were created based on white middle class populations.2 Because of the observation and general acceptance of various height differences found between the Chinese population and the white population, a retrospective study was initiated to determine if these differences are evident in utero and if they affect accepted measurements used for prediction of gestational age.

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Assessment of gestational age of the Asian fetus by the sonar measurement of crown‐rump length and biparietal diameter

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

Variation in fetal femur length with respect to maternal race.

Variation in fetal femur length with respect to maternal race.

Individual growth patterns in the first trimester: evidence for difference in embryonic and fetal growth rates

Sonographic Evaluation of the Fetal Femur Length in the Chinese Population

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