Assessment of glomerular filtration rate with dynamic computed tomography in normal Beagle dogs

Chang, Jinhwa; Kim, Sujin; Jung, Jongwan; Lee, Hee-Chun; Choi, Hojung; Chang, Dongwoo; Lee, Youngwon; Yoon, Junghee; Choi, Mincheol

doi:10.4142/jvs.2011.12.4.393

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Contrast studies, such as the excretory urogram, or more advanced techniques, such as computerised tomography or magnetic resonance imaging with contrast, may provide additional information regarding the patency of the urinary system and the presence of abnormalities (Ohlerth & O'Brien 2007 , Chang et al . 2011 , Fonseca-Matheus et al . 2011 , Schmidt et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular–renal axis disorders in the domestic dog and cat: a veterinary consensus statement

Pouchelon

Atkins

Bussadori³

et al. 2015

J of Small Animal Practice

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OBJECTIVESThere is a growing understanding of the complexity of interplay between renal and cardiovascular systems in both health and disease. The medical profession has adopted the term “cardiorenal syndrome” (CRS) to describe the pathophysiological relationship between the kidney and heart in disease. CRS has yet to be formally defined and described by the veterinary profession and its existence and importance in dogs and cats warrant investigation. The CRS Consensus Group, comprising nine veterinary cardiologists and seven nephrologists from Europe and North America, sought to achieve consensus around the definition, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of dogs and cats with “cardiovascular-renal disorders” (CvRD). To this end, the Delphi formal methodology for defining/building consensus and defining guidelines was utilised.METHODSFollowing a literature review, 13 candidate statements regarding CvRD in dogs and cats were tested for consensus, using a modified Delphi method. As a new area of interest, well-designed studies, specific to CRS/CvRD, are lacking, particularly in dogs and cats. Hence, while scientific justification of all the recommendations was sought and used when available, recommendations were largely reliant on theory, expert opinion, small clinical studies and extrapolation from data derived from other species.RESULTSOf the 13 statements, 11 achieved consensus and 2 did not. The modified Delphi approach worked well to achieve consensus in an objective manner and to develop initial guidelines for CvRD.DISCUSSIONThe resultant manuscript describes consensus statements for the definition, classification, diagnosis and management strategies for veterinary patients with CvRD, with an emphasis on the pathological interplay between the two organ systems. By formulating consensus statements regarding CvRD in veterinary medicine, the authors hope to stimulate interest in and advancement of the understanding and management of CvRD in dogs and cats. The use of a formalised method for consensus and guideline development should be considered for other topics in veterinary medicine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular–renal axis disorders in the domestic dog and cat: a veterinary consensus statement

Pouchelon

Atkins

Bussadori³

et al. 2015

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…Firstly, we examined only the left kidney (left kidney), because it is impossible to perform CEUS on both kidneys simultaneously. A study that evaluated glomerular filtration rate with dynamic computed tomography in normal dogs reported that contrast agent concentrations and glomerular filtration rate were not significantly different between the left and right kidneys [ 2 ]. Therefore, it is thought that the perfusion of one kidney is similar to the other.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrast enhanced ultrasonography of kidney in conscious and anesthetized beagle dogs

Choi

Jeong

Lee

et al. 2016

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is useful to evaluate tissue perfusion in the kidney. In veterinary medicine, sedation or anesthesia may be required in uncooperative or panting patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the normal kidney perfusion patterns in conscious and anesthetized dogs using CEUS. Eight healthy beagles were used in this study. Scanning was performed in conscious dogs using manual restraint (conscious group), or under general anesthesia using tiletamine-zolazepam and medetomidine (TZM group) or medetomidine (M group). The contrast agent (Sonovue ® ) was administered as an IV bolus. The peak intensity (PI), time to peak enhancement from injection (TTP 0 ) and the time to peak enhancement from the initial rise (TTP up ), upslope, downslope and area under the curve (AUC) were analyzed. Compared to the cortical values in the conscious group, TTP 0 was significantly delayed in the TZM group, and upslope, TTP 0 and TTP up were significantly different in the M group. The AUCs in the TZM and M groups were not different from those in the conscious group. The upslope of renal medullary perfusion was significantly decreased in the TZM and M groups. TTP 0 and TTP up were also significantly delayed in these groups. The AUC of the medulla was significantly decreased in the M group. Therefore, TZM is useful as an anesthetic protocol when performing CEUS, and the obtained data may serve as reference values in the evaluation of renal perfusion using CEUS in dogs under anesthesia.

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“…Lemoine et al [ 18 ] found a strong correlation between MDCT and fluorescent microspheres when measuring renal perfusion. Several previous studies demonstrated that MDCT perfusion was a useful method for renal functional evaluation [ 19 – 22 ]. However, the perfusion information in those early studies was obtained by sequential scans in a certain part of the kidney due to the limited coverage of detectors using conventional MDCT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, the medullary BF values were not measured in previous studies. Furthermore, BF values in UUO could not be compared with previous studies [ 14 , 19 , 29 , 30 ] because of different CT system, perfusion post-processing algorithms and research subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Renal Function in Patients with Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Using Whole-Organ Perfusion Imaging with 320-Detector Row Computed Tomography

Cai

Zhou

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundObstructed nephropathy is a common complication of several disease processes. Accurate evaluation of the functional status of the obstructed kidney is important to achieve a good outcome. The purpose of this study was to investigate renal cortical and medullary perfusion changes associated with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) using whole-organ perfusion imaging with 320-detector row computed tomography (CT).Methodology/Principle FindingsSixty-four patients with UUO underwent whole-organ CT perfusion imaging. Patients were divided into 3 groups, mild, moderate, and severe, based on hydronephrosis severity. Twenty sex- and age-matched patients without renal disease, who referred to abdominal CT, were chosen as control subjects. Mean cortical and medullary perfusion parameters of obstructed and contralateral kidneys were compared, and mean perfusion ratios between obstructed and contralateral kidneys were calculated and compared. Mean cortical or medullary blood flow (BF) and blood volume (BV) of the obstructed kidneys in the moderate UUO and BF, BV, and clearance (CL) in the severe UUO were significantly lower than those of the contralateral kidneys (p < 0.05). The mean cortical or medullary BF of the obstructed kidney in the moderate UUO, and BF, BV, and CL in the severe UUO were significantly lower than those of the kidneys in control subjects (p < 0.05). Mean cortical or medullary BF of the non-obstructed kidneys in the severe UUO were statistically greater than that of normal kidneys in control subjects (p < 0.05). An inverse correlation was observed between cortical and medullary perfusion ratios and grades of hydronephosis (p < 0.01).Conclusions/SignificancePerfusion measurements of the whole kidney can be obtained with 320-detector row CT, and estimated perfusion ratios have potential for quantitatively evaluating UUO renal injury grades.

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Assessment of glomerular filtration rate with dynamic computed tomography in normal Beagle dogs

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Cardiovascular–renal axis disorders in the domestic dog and cat: a veterinary consensus statement

Cardiovascular–renal axis disorders in the domestic dog and cat: a veterinary consensus statement

Contrast enhanced ultrasonography of kidney in conscious and anesthetized beagle dogs

Assessment of Renal Function in Patients with Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Using Whole-Organ Perfusion Imaging with 320-Detector Row Computed Tomography

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