Assessment of greenery in urban canyons to enhance thermal comfort &amp; air quality in an integrated seasonal model

Motie, Mohammadreza Baradaran; Yeganeh, Mansour; Bemanian, Mohammadreza

doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2022.102861

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…To comprehensively assess the site conditions and examine the efficacy of tree deployment, a threedimensional microclimate model, ENVI-met (version 5.5.1), was employed. This model is rooted in thermodynamics and heat transfer principles [53,54] and has been utilized in various studies [55][56][57] and geographies, including Osaka, Japan [58], southern Italy [59] and Seville, Spain [60], to name a few. ENVI-met offers a spatial resolution on the order of meters and a timestep interval on the order of seconds [61].…”

Section: Simulation Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the effects of different tree species on enhancing outdoor thermal comfort in a post-industrial landscape

Vatani,

Kiani,

Mahdavinejad

et al. 2024

Environ. Res. Lett.

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A frequently emphasized strategy to reduce the burden of heat in cities across the world is the implementation of street trees. Here, we examine the effects of deciduous and coniferous tree deployment on meteorological variables and pedestrian themal comfort through analysis of the new dynamic thermal comfort (dPET) index, using the latest version of the computational fluid dynamics model ENVI-met. We performed on site observational measurements of air temperature (Ta), relative humidity (Rh), wind speed (Ws), and mean radiant temperature (MRT) at 5 different locations on the hottest day of summer 2023, in a post-industrial urban landscape located in Tehran, Iran. Observations were used to evaluate ENVI-met simulation performance and served as a baseline against which sensitivity experiments – based on a minimum (35%) and maximum (75%) intervention scenario for deciduous and coniferous trees – were compared against. Our analysis indicates that 35% and 75% deployment reduced Ta by 1.2°C and 4.2°C, respectively, for deciduous tree species, compared to a 0.9°C and 3.1°C reduction for coniferous species, during the hottest day of summer 2023. The maximum deployment scenario decreased MRT by approximately 60°C and 43°C for deciduous and coniferous tree deployment, respectively. The maximum tree deployment scenario decreased dPET by nearly 16°C and 14°C for deciduous and coniferous trees, respectively, during the time of day that diurnal heating is maximized. Our findings highlight micrometeorological and personalized thermal comfort effects associated with variable tree species type and extent through examination of a pedestrian's ambulatory experience across diverse urban microclimates in a region of the world that is particularly understudied.

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Section: Simulation Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the effects of different tree species on enhancing outdoor thermal comfort in a post-industrial landscape

Vatani,

Kiani,

Mahdavinejad

et al. 2024

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…The operational definitions of the indicators of legibility are as described in Table 2 [57][58][59][60][61][62] ; and operational definitions of the indicators complexity and mystery are described in Table 3. Their credibility was provided by reference to the theoretical background, the scientific consensus of the experts, and authors' content knowledge.…”

Section: Operational Definition Of the Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban green parks as sociomental landscapes: Understandings from Iran’s case study

Dehghan,

Yeganeh,

Zare

2023

Environ. Soc. Psychol.

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This paper aims to investigate the impact of complexity and mystery on the perceived legibility of citizens in urban parks. The theoretical framework is based on Rachel and Stephen Kaplan’s theory (four cognitive states) and Lynch’s legibility theory. The method is descriptive correlational. Data collection was done through a survey questionnaire and mental maps. The paper uses Lynch’s mental maps and asks people to draw some aspects of the parks they remembered the most and compare the results with the surveys. The data analysis uses descriptive and inferential techniques as well as logical reasoning. The research claims a significant correlation with a higher-than-average coefficient between the legibility indicators (path, edge, node, district, landmark) and complexity and mystery in urban parks. The conclusion is that districts in urban parks have the most significant impact on the overlapping of citizens’ collective mental maps. Landmarks, paths, edges, and entrances are almost equally and moderately fuzzy-scale on the legibility of citizens’ mental maps in urban parks. Nodes play less of a role in citizens’ collective mental maps than other park elements. Parks with too many entrances, non-linear paths, indistinguishable districts, and undefined edges are not perceptible to citizens, and citizens’ perceptions of space differ significantly from the existing reality. The correlation between legibility dimensions, such as edges, nodes, landmarks, districts, paths, and entrances, is higher than the fuzzy scale average. Moreover, the legibility in each dimension will affect legibility dimensions a lot. Lynch’s theory of legibility in the spatial perception of parks and Kaplan’s theory of complexity and mystery criteria appear to be not fully responsive. It differs based on the features of each park, such as openness and closeness. For future research, it is better to comprehensively understand by using all dimensions of Kalpan’s theory: complexity, mystery, refuge, and prospect.

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“…Efforts are directed towards implementing measures that mitigate emissions, enhance air circulation, and create green spaces that act as natural filters, thereby purifying the air in the urban environment. It is, therefore, important to understand the impact of urban form and activities on air velocity and circulation [13], and how parameters such as greenery, trees, and vegetation can be effectively used to reduce air pollution within urban spaces [14,15]. This proactive approach in the early stages of development ensures that air quality considerations are seamlessly integrated into the neighbourhood's fabric, leading to sustainable and breathable urban spaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mitigative effect of urban greenery on air pollution is only one aspect of the equation; however, urban vegetation can also have a negative effect by increasing local air pollutant concentrations [15,57]. It has been demonstrated that, under certain circumstances, trees acting as obstacles in an urban setting can reduce wind velocity and result in an increase in pollutant concentrations at the pedestrian level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Influence of Urban Blocks on Air Pollution Concentration Levels: The Case Study of Golden Lane Estate in London

Borna,

Turci,

Marchetti

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Numerous studies have examined the impact of urban form on microclimate and thermal comfort at street level. However, the relationship between air pollution concentration and urban form, particularly vegetation and building arrangement, is less considered among planners and designers, and not many case study examples are available in the literature. To address this gap, this paper provides additional evidence and a case study example, illustrating the impact of the built environment on air pollution in urban areas. The Golden Lane Estate, a residential development that has valuable and repeatable urban design and architectural features and is located near a highly congested and polluted area in central London, was selected as the study site. The analysis involved a combination of fieldwork spot measurements and computational modelling (ENVI-met), considering physical features of urban blocks, levels of air pollution, and meteorological parameters (using data from local meteorological stations). The site modelling simulated current conditions and a condition without vegetation to better understand the impact of vegetation on pollutant concentration. The results indicate that urban form and vegetation arrangements significantly affect wind speed and direction, exacerbating air pollution within street canyons of varying aspect ratios. Such findings contribute to the expanding field of hyperlocal scale measurement and underscore the need for guidelines regarding the optimal placement, scale, type, and distribution of vegetation within street canyons.

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Assessment of greenery in urban canyons to enhance thermal comfort & air quality in an integrated seasonal model

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

Evaluating the effects of different tree species on enhancing outdoor thermal comfort in a post-industrial landscape

Evaluating the effects of different tree species on enhancing outdoor thermal comfort in a post-industrial landscape

Urban green parks as sociomental landscapes: Understandings from Iran’s case study

Evaluating the Influence of Urban Blocks on Air Pollution Concentration Levels: The Case Study of Golden Lane Estate in London

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