Assessment of Greenhouse Gases Emission in Smallholder Rice Paddies Converted From Anyiko Wetland, Kenya

Owino, Christine Nyagaya; Kitaka, Nzula; Kipkemboi, Julius; Ondiek, Risper Ajwang’

doi:10.3389/fenvs.2020.00080

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Fertilizer applications increased N 2 O emissions corroborating Owino et al (2020) findings on smallholder rice paddy fields in Anyiko Wetland of Kenya. GHG emissions in the different fertilized shaded coffee of this study are comparable to the values observed by other scholars under coffee in the region for N 2 O and CH 4 (eg.…”

Section: Effect Of Fertilizer Application On Ghg Emission In the Caf ...supporting

confidence: 79%

Effect of Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Green House Gas Emissions and Microbial Activity under Coffee Agroforestry in Eastern Uganda

Sebuliba

Mwanjalolo

Isubikalu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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A study was conducted in none tilled coffee agroforestry fields of Eastern Uganda to understand the effects of application of inorganic fertilizers on soil nutrient loss in form of gas for mitigation of unsustainable agricultural practices. This study specifically i) assessed the effect of application of inorganic fertilizers on greenhouse gas emissions, ii) determined their effect on microbial carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and iii) determined their effect on leaf litter decomposition under Albizziacoffee growing systems of the Mount Elgon. Soil gas emissions were measured with the static chamber method for twelve months in a field experiment with five different fertilizer treatments. The effect of treatments was separated using ANOVA in Genstat discovery version 13. Microbial carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus was separated using Mann-Whitney U test. Results showed that annual emissions ranged from 19.6 to 26.1 (t C/ha/yr), 3.5 to 9 (Kg N/ha/yr) and 6.9 to 9.2 (Kg C/ha/yr) for carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane respectively. Significant effects on soil emissions only occurred for nitrous oxide (P=0.017), microbial carbon (p=0.001) and microbial phosphorus (p<0.001) for the study period. The mixture of NPK fertilizers presented the lowest carbon dioxide loss and application of TSP presented the lowest nitrous oxide emission from soil. This study underscores the need for establishment of long-term experiments across several agro-ecological zones to confirm farmers' perceptions of their soil fertility levels and ascertain the contribution of farm practices towards the retention of nutrients in the soil with minimal emission, to inform decisions of small holder farmers, policy and development partners for sustainable production. Hosted fileAnnual GHG emissions.docx available at https://authorea.com/users/564643/articles/611572effect-of-inorganic-fertilizer-application-on-green-house-gas-emissions-and-microbialactivity-under-coffee-agroforestry-in-eastern-uganda Hosted fileStudy Area SSSA.docx available at https://authorea.com/users/564643/articles/611572-effectof-inorganic-fertilizer-application-on-green-house-gas-emissions-and-microbial-activityunder-coffee-agroforestry-in-eastern-uganda Hosted fileMonthly GHG emissions.docx available at https://authorea.com/users/564643/articles/611572effect-of-inorganic-fertilizer-application-on-green-house-gas-emissions-and-microbialactivity-under-coffee-agroforestry-in-eastern-uganda Effect of Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Green House Gas Emissions and Microbial Activity under Coffee Agroforestry in Eastern Uganda• The application of inorganic fertilizers increased annual soil nitrogen losses in form of soil N 2 O emissions.• Peaks of N 2 O emissions were observed immediately after application of inorganic fertilizers but levelled afterwards.• The application of inorganic fertilizers increased microbial carbon and microbial phosphorus in soil after one year.• The application of inorganic fertilizers did not affect leaf litter decomposition rates.• The mixture of NPK...

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Section: Effect Of Fertilizer Application On Ghg Emission In the Caf ...supporting

confidence: 79%

Effect of Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Green House Gas Emissions and Microbial Activity under Coffee Agroforestry in Eastern Uganda

Sebuliba

Mwanjalolo

Isubikalu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…investigated the impact of plant species on N 2 O emission, using constructed wetlands. Results indicated that the O emission and noted that speci c leaf area and root length density were key traits that did not only regulate N 2 O emission but also biomass productivity.Wetland conversion/land use change, from natural to rice paddy wetland has been shown to enhance N 2 O emissions from wetlands(Liengaard et al 2013;Owino et al 2020). This is attached two reasons: i) water table drawdown through drainage favors oxygen availability, thus increasing the mineralization of soil organic nitrogen and nitri cation processes (Ajwang'Ondiek et al 2021; Liengaard et al 2013), and ii) nitrogen fertilization of rice paddy elds to enhance rice yields increases nitrogen availability in soil, a rice growth stage.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nitrous Oxide Emission from a Flooded Tropical Wetland across a Vegetation and Land Use Gradient

Were

Hein

2021

Preprint

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Whereas wetland ecosystems are among the most vital natural carbon sinks, they are also important sources of nitrous oxide (N2O), a highly potent greenhouse gas. However, due to differences in wetland characteristics, N2O emission is likely to vary across wetland types. We investigated the: 1) influence of vegetation community (Typha latifolia; Typha, Phragmites mauritianus; Phragmites and Cyperus papyrus; Papyrus) in a natural tropical freshwater wetland, and 2) impact of converting a natural tropical freshwater wetland into a rice paddy wetland on N2O emission. Results showed that N2O emission (µg m− 2 h− 1) from the natural wetland did not vary significantly (p > 0.05) among the vegetation communities during both the dry and wet seasons (Typha = 0.6 ± 1.6 [SE] and 0.5 ± 1.4, Phragmites = 0.5 ± 1.7 and 0.4 ± 1.5, Papyrus = 0.5 ± 1.3 and 0.5 ± 1.5, respectively). These emission rates insignificantly differed (p > 0.05) from those recorded in the rice paddy wetland (dry season = 0.7 ± 2.8 and wet season = 0.6 ± 2.7). There was no significant correlation (p > 0.05) between soil physico-chemical characteristics and N2O emission. We concluded that vegetation community does not affect N2O emission from a natural tropical freshwater wetland under continuous flooding. Similarly, under continuous flooding and no fertilization conditions, converting a natural tropical freshwater wetland into a rice paddy wetland does not influence N2O emission. We roughly estimated total annual N2O emissions (T yr− 1) and their carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e; T yr− 1) from all Uganda’s natural and rice paddy wetlands as: natural wetlands = 115.1 ± 342.8 (CO2e = 30,501.5 ± 90,842) and rice paddy wetlands = 0.9 ± 2.7 (CO2e = 242.5 ± 707.6).

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“…The zero N 2 O fluxes could also be due to some of the nitrogen being lost through leaching thus reducing amount of nitrogen substrate available for N 2 O emissions. Owino et al (2020) in their study in Kenya also observed insignificant N 2 O emissions during rice growing season when the soil was flooded. This could be due to formation of anoxic conditions in the flooded paddies which create suitable conditions for denitrification with major product of this process being nitrogen gas (N 2 ).…”

Section: E Ect Of Crop Management Practices and Nitrogen Rates On Sea...mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Indeed, the measurement lapse is a challenge to many developing countries especially in Africa (Nyamadzawo et al, 2013;Rosenstock et al, 2016;Boateng et al, 2017;Pelster et al, 2017;Zheng et al, 2019;Bigaignon et al, 2020). Current understanding of GHG emissions in sub Saharan Africa (SSA) is particularly limited when compared to the potential of the continent (Nyamadzawo et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2015;Boateng et al, 2017Boateng et al, , 2020Tongwane and Moeletsi, 2018;Bigaignon et al, 2020;Owino et al, 2020). This indicates that more research is thus needed in this regard to investigate the effects of crop management practices and nitrogen fertilization levels on greenhouse gas emissions from rice field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas emissions in irrigated paddy rice as influenced by crop management practices and nitrogen fertilization rates in eastern Tanzania

Mboyerwa

Kibret

Mtakwa

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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In rice production greenhouse gas emission (GHG) reduction is an important task for many countries, Tanzania included. Of global agricultural GHG emitted from rice fields, about 30 and 11% are represented by CH4 and N2O, respectively. For successful climate smart rice cultivation, rice management practices, including nitrogen fertilization are two key crucial components that need evaluation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the crop management practices and N fertilization on yield and greenhouse gases emission in paddy rice production, Experiments were designed in split-plot randomized complete block and replicated three times. Two rice management practices namely conventional practice (CP) and system of rice intensification (SRI) and six rates of nitrogen fertilizer (absolute control, 0, 60, 90,120 and 150 kg N ha−1) were applied in two consecutive seasons. The Source-selective and Emission-adjusted GHG CalculaTOR for Cropland (SECTOR) was used to calculate the GHG emission. Methane emission was in the range of 88.7–220.6 kg ha−1season−1, where higher emission was recorded in CP treatments (ABC, CP 0 and CP 120N) compared to SRI treatments. SRI reduced methane and carbon dioxide emission by 59.8% and 20.1% over CP, respectively. Seasonal nitrous oxide emissions was in the range of no detected amount to 0.0002 kgN2O ha−1 where SRI treatments recorded up to 0.0002 kgN2O ha−1 emissions while in CP treatment no amount of N2O was detected. The interaction of system of rice intensification and 90 kg N ha−1 (SRI90N) treatment recorded higher grains yield (8.1, 7.7 t ha−1) with low seasonal global warming potential (GWP) (3,478 and 3,517 kg CO2e ha−1) and low greenhouse gas intensity (0.42, 0.45 kg CO2e per kg paddy) compared to other treatments in wet and dry season, respectively. Therefore, SRI with 90 kg N was the treatment with mitigation potential and reduced GWP without compromising rice yield.

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Assessment of Greenhouse Gases Emission in Smallholder Rice Paddies Converted From Anyiko Wetland, Kenya

Cited by 9 publications

References 61 publications

Effect of Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Green House Gas Emissions and Microbial Activity under Coffee Agroforestry in Eastern Uganda

Effect of Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Green House Gas Emissions and Microbial Activity under Coffee Agroforestry in Eastern Uganda

Nitrous Oxide Emission from a Flooded Tropical Wetland across a Vegetation and Land Use Gradient

Greenhouse gas emissions in irrigated paddy rice as influenced by crop management practices and nitrogen fertilization rates in eastern Tanzania

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