Assessment of Groundwater Pollution using Aqueous Geo-Environmental Indices, Baiji Province, Salah Al-Din, Iraq

Abed, Mahmood Fadhil; Zarraq, Ghazi Atiya; Ahmed, Salwa H.

doi:10.46717/igj.55.1b.9ms-2022-02-25

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In comparison with other studies that have utilized the SPI, this region has a less desired groundwater quality than reports in Hailun, China [57], Southern Nigeria [58] and Northwest Nigeria [59]. Nevertheless, the reports of this study are better than those of [12 in Al-Qatif, Saudi Arabia; [60] in Taluka Larkana, Pakistan; and [61] in Baiji Province, Iraq.…”

Section: Synthetic Pollution Indexcontrasting

confidence: 60%

Toward Contamination in Coastal Regions for Groundwater Quality, Fluoride, Nitrate and Human Health Risk Assessments Within Multi-aquifer Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia

Yassin,

Abba,

Shah

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Contamination in coastal regions attributed to fluoride and nitrate cannot be disregarded, given the substantial environmental and public health issues they present worldwide. Maintaining water quality is crucial for environmental well-being. This comprehensive study was performed to assess the spatial as well as indexical water quality, identify contamination sources, and evaluate associated health risks pertaining to nitrate and flouride in AlHassa region, KSA. The physiochemical results revealed a pervasive pollution of the overall groundwater. The dominant water type was Na-Cl, indicating saltwater intrusion and reverse ion exchange impact. Spatiotemporal variations in physicochemical properties suggest diverse hydrochemical mechanisms, with geogenic factors primarily influencing groundwater chemistry. The groundwater pollution index varied between 0.8426 and 4.7172, classifying samples as moderately to very highly polluted. Similarly, the synthetic pollution index (in the range of 0.5021-4.0715) revealed that none of the samples had excellent water quality, with various degrees of pollution categories. Nitrate Health Quotient (HQ) values indicated chronic human health risks ranging from low to severe, with newborns being the most vulnerable. Household use of nitrate-rich groundwater for showering and cleaning did not pose significant health risks. Fluoride HQ decreased with age, and children faced the highest risk of fluorosis. The Hazard Index (HI) yielded moderate to high-risk values. Nitrate risks were 1.21 times higher than fluoride risks, as per average HI assessment. All samples fell into the vulnerable category based on the Total Hazard Index (THI), with 88.89% classified as very high risk. This research provides valuable insights into groundwater quality, guiding water authorities, inhabitants, and researchers in identifying safe water sources and vulnerable human populations. The results highlight the need for appropriate treatment techniques and long-term coastal groundwater management plans.

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Section: Synthetic Pollution Indexcontrasting

confidence: 60%

Toward Contamination in Coastal Regions for Groundwater Quality, Fluoride, Nitrate and Human Health Risk Assessments Within Multi-aquifer Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia

Yassin,

Abba,

Shah

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Floodplain deposits, river terraces, and the gypsiferous soil that covers the Injana Formation distinguish Quaternary deposits (Pleistocene and Holocene) [21]. From a hydrogeological point of view, the area is divided into two aquifers: one belongs to the Quaternary deposits, which have shallow wells and are of the unconfined type [22], and the other is the Injana Formation, which has deep wells and is of the confined type, as stated in [23,24].…”

Section: Description Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Quality of the Groundwater and the Nitrate Exposure, North Salah Al-Din Governorate, Iraq

Ahmed

Ibrahim

Abed

2023

Tikrit j. eng. sci.

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Groundwater quality is a topic that concerns millions of people because it is essential for agriculture and drinking. As a result, this paper aims to assess the groundwater quality of the northern region of Salah al-Din Governorate (Bayji as a case study) and the health risks posed by nitrate ions to infants, children, and adults living in villages. Samples were taken from 30 wells in the industrial district of the Baiji area in April 2022. Two water quality indices were applied to determine whether groundwater can be used for drinking and irrigation or not. The drinking water quality index (DWQI) found that 96.67% of the water samples were poor, and 3.33% were abysmal. Based on the values of the irrigation water quality index (IWQI), the tested water quality ranged from medium to high. In addition, the study required assessing the health risks posed by nitrate ions in the groundwater to residents. According to the oral hazard quotient (HQoral) calculation results, 93.33 and 96.67 % of the water samples were below one, indicating no health risks for children or infants. However, 6.67 and 3.33% of the total samples were above one, indicating health risks. All HQoral values were less than one when it came to the health effects of nitrates on adults, indicating that there were no risks. Because the Hazard Quotient (HQdermal) through the dermal pathway was less than one, showering posed no health risks for adults, children, or infants.

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“…pose a major threat to human health [7]. Due to the importance of groundwater, A vital natural resource for thousands of villagers and it is considered the lifeblood of the environment an necessary for the survival of living organisms, it is important to keep it safe and healthy [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Some Heavy Metal Concentrations and Physical/Chemical Properties of Well Water in Babylon Governorate/ Iraq

Mudhehe Sekeb,

Abdul Kadhim Hadi Al – Sadi

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The presence of One of the most significant is heavy metals in water. risks, which may cause health problems. In this work, we tried to determine the amount of three heavy metals (lead, nickel, and cadmium) in groundwater in different locations in Babylon Governorate The current study aims to estimate the quality of groundwater by evaluating its physical and chemical properties, as well as evaluating lead, nickel, and cadmium (Pb, Cd, Ni) in this water and monitoring the variation in their concentration rates during the seasons of the year. Groundwater samples were collected and analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrometer to determine their lead, nickel and cadmium content and compare their levels with the maximum level of contaminants specified by the World Health Organization. Water samples were collected from 15 wells in different areas (Abu Ghariq, Sinjar, Hilla, Al-Mahawil, Al-Imam, Al-Nile, Jableh, Al-Mashrou, Al-Hashimiya, Al-Qasim, Madhatiya, Al-Taliah, Al-Musayyab, Alexandria and Al-Sada) during the period from September 25, 2022 to July 25, 2023.The concentrations of lead and cadmium were higher than the permissible limits suggested by the World Health Organization. As for nickel it did not exceed the permissible limit. The study can then be concluded that it is contaminated with some heavy metals due to the influence of several activities in the study area. Decreased treatment, regulations and integrated management have led to the deterioration of groundwater quality. Total dissolved salts, turbidity, conductivity, and total hardness in the groundwater of these sites were also studied.

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Assessment of Groundwater Pollution using Aqueous Geo-Environmental Indices, Baiji Province, Salah Al-Din, Iraq

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Toward Contamination in Coastal Regions for Groundwater Quality, Fluoride, Nitrate and Human Health Risk Assessments Within Multi-aquifer Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia

Toward Contamination in Coastal Regions for Groundwater Quality, Fluoride, Nitrate and Human Health Risk Assessments Within Multi-aquifer Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia

Assessing the Quality of the Groundwater and the Nitrate Exposure, North Salah Al-Din Governorate, Iraq

Determination of Some Heavy Metal Concentrations and Physical/Chemical Properties of Well Water in Babylon Governorate/ Iraq

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