Assessment of Groundwater Quality and Associated Health Risks in Rural Areas of Sindh (Pakistan)

Sarfraz, Muhammad; Sultana, Nargis; Tariq, Muhammad Ilyas

doi:10.24193/subbchem.2018.1.10

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(32 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…South Sindh mainly depends on surface water for drinking water, and that water appears to be highly contaminated with E. coli (Umerkot 68.9%, Karachi 60%, and Sujawal 57.5%). The high risks of infections that we found in the present study are congruent with other available studies of drinking water in Pakistan [15,24,35]. The latest Pakistan demographic and health survey in the community settings of the study area reported a high prevalence of waterborne diseases, such as diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, and typhoid [36], which aligns with the high-risk pathogens we found in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Quality to Predict the Risk of Waterborne Diseases in Primary-School Children

Ahmed

Wong

Chua

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Primary-school children in low- and middle-income countries are often deprived of microbiologically safe water and sanitation, often resulting in a high prevalence of gastrointestinal diseases and poor school performance. We used Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) to predict the probability of infection in schoolchildren due to consumption of unsafe school water. A multistage random-sampling technique was used to randomly select 425 primary schools from ten districts of Sindh, Pakistan, to produce a representative sample of the province. We characterized water supplies in selected schools. Microbiological testing of water resulted in inputs for the QMRA model, to estimate the risks of infections to schoolchildren. Groundwater (62%) and surface water (38%) were identified as two major sources of drinking water in the selected schools, presenting varying degrees of health risks. Around half of the drinking-water samples were contaminated with Escherichia coli (49%), Shigella spp. (63%), Salmonella spp. (53%), and Vibrio cholerae (49%). Southern Sindh was found to have the highest risk of infection and illness from Campylobacter and Rotavirus. Central and Northern Sindh had a comparatively lower risk of waterborne diseases. Schoolchildren of Karachi were estimated to have the highest probability of illness per year, due to Campylobacter (70%) and Rotavirus (22.6%). Pearson correlation was run to assess the relationship between selected pathogens. V. cholerae was correlated with Salmonella spp., Campylobacter, Rotavirus, and Salmonella spp. Overall, the risk of illness due to the bacterial infection (E. coli, Salmonella spp., V. cholerae, Shigella, and Campylobacter) was high. There is a dire need for management plans in the schools of Sindh, to halt the progression of waterborne diseases in school-going children.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Quality to Predict the Risk of Waterborne Diseases in Primary-School Children

Ahmed

Wong

Chua

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A large number of other investigations have also been carried out to evaluate physicochemical and microbiological quality of drinking water and possible health risks. Most of water samples analyzed in these studies were found unfit for human consumption on grounds of either chemical and/or microbiological contamination (Oyem, Oyem, & Usese, 2015;Alamgir, Khan, Schilling, Shaukat, & Shahab, 2016;Mohsin, Safdar, Asghar, & Jamal, 2013;Sarfraz, Sultana, Jamil, & Ashraf, 2016;Sarfraz, Sultana, & Jamil, 2018a;Sarfraz, Sultana, & Tariq, 2018b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater quality and associated health risks in flood affected public schools: A case study of district Sanghar, Pakistan

Sarfraz

Sultana

Tariq

2020

Tecnol. cienc. agua

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Drinking water quality is of vital importance for the healthy life of a community especially if consumer is a teenager. In order to compare groundwater profile of flooded area (FA) and non-flooded area (NFA) of district Sanghar, 120 water samples from public schools were collected and investigated for physico-chemical parameters, essential metals, trace elements and microbiological indicators. Analysis data revealed that 47% samples in FA were contaminated with faecal coliform bacteria as compared to only 8.3% in NFA. On the other hand, chemical indicators like TDS, Ca, Na, K, SO4, Mg and hardness were higher in FA. Comparison of trace elements content with WHO guidelines revealed that concentration of Fe, As and Zn was higher in 66.7%, 31.7% and 13.3% water samples, respectively in FA whereas content of these elements was also on higher side in 3.3%, 23.3% and 1.7% samples in NFA, respectively. Health risk assessment due to high concentration of Fe, As and Zn showed that As HRI>1, for children in 35 and 23% water samples in FA and NFA, respectively.

show abstract

“…Its quality changes throughout time and space. It varies depending on the depth of the water table and the location (Sarfraz, et al, 2018). Reid according to estimates, 75% of people in affluent countries lack access to clean water to drink, among many other issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GEO-Spatial Analysis of H₂O Excellence and its Influence on Public Health, Taluka Faiz Ganj District Khairpur, Sindh

Perveen

2023

JDSS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water is the staple need of sustainable improvement with well significant source Healthy production of energy, food, and economic development is essential. Ecosystem as well as for human existence as well. Without water, nothing on earth can survive. It makes up around 60% of our body and covers 71% of the surface. The availability of clean water is an essential for sustainable human health. Polluted water is a major cause of environmental hazard and it's dangerous for human health. The exploration is based on the monitoring the water quality impact on human health. For analyzing the findings geo-informatical and statistical techniques have been applied. Current study is an attempt to know the sources of intake H2O at Faiz Ganj , though quality water on different areas and how many people effect due to unhygienic water. For this study water samples has been collected from various major sources and tested in laboratories. Based on results of water samples the pH is found at high rate in samples, and the quality of water is not drinking able. The delivery system is also unhygienic. People's perception about the quality of water is that there is no need to drink purified water due to emotional attachment and unawareness. This study helps in increasing and enhancing awareness about safe drinking water. It is seen though water contains dangerous indigents but people are using river water as a first priority then hand pump in last well for drinking.

show abstract

Assessment of Groundwater Quality and Associated Health Risks in Rural Areas of Sindh (Pakistan)

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Quality to Predict the Risk of Waterborne Diseases in Primary-School Children

Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Quality to Predict the Risk of Waterborne Diseases in Primary-School Children

Groundwater quality and associated health risks in flood affected public schools: A case study of district Sanghar, Pakistan

GEO-Spatial Analysis of H₂O Excellence and its Influence on Public Health, Taluka Faiz Ganj District Khairpur, Sindh

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About