Assessment of HCV genotypes in Yunnan Province of Southwest China

Li, Qiongfen; Yao, Yufeng; Shen, Yang; Cao, Dong-Yuan; Li, Yalin; Zhang, Shuqiong; Wei, Cun; Sun, Mingbo; Yu, Jiankun; Shi, Li; Dong, Suchuan

doi:10.1007/s11262-016-1420-0

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that genotypes 3 and 6 are mainly prevalent in IDUs . However, through stratification analysis by risk groups, we observed that these subtypes were already highly prevalent in the population of volunteer blood donors and individuals with recent unprotected sexual encounters, consistent with former findings that the HCV subtypes in IDUs are spreading to the general population by sharing infected equipment and through high‐risk sexual behaviors .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The nationwide distribution and trends of hepatitis C virus genotypes in mainland China

Musa

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Virology

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Comprehensive data on hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes distribution is critical for treatment regimen selection, vaccine design, and drug development. This study aimed to understand the dynamic distribution of HCV genotypes in Mainland China. Three hundred sixty-two studies published from January 1993 to December 2017 involving 64 891 samples (5133 injecting drug users, 2748 volunteer blood donors, 1509 former paid plasma donors, 160 sexually encounters, and 1992 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HCV coinfection patients) were eligible for the quantitative synthesis estimation. Pooled proportion of HCV genotypes (and 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) was estimated through the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation by period, region, and risk group. A sharp decline of the subtype 1b was observed in all regions except in northwestern and central regions. The genotypes 3 and 6 showed an obvious increase in southern and southwestern regions and have already spread nationwide. After 2010, subtype 1b was the most dominant variant in all regions and risk groups, accounting for 54.0% (95% CI, 51.9-56.1) of all national infections. Subtype 2a was the second most prevalent strain in all regions except in the south and southwest, with 15.4% (95% CI, 13.1-17.8) national infections. The subtype 6a in southern region and 3b and 3a in southwestern region had a higher proportion of infections than that in other regions. In addition, the genotypes 3 and 6 are already prevalent in almost all risk groups. The distribution of HCV genotypes were sharply shifting in China in the past three decades. The HCV subtype 1b posed a sharp decline, whereas genotypes 3 and 6 played an increasing role in the regional and populational HCV pandemic.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The nationwide distribution and trends of hepatitis C virus genotypes in mainland China

Musa

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…The subtypes were determined by phylogenic comparison to reference sequences for HCVs, by using MEGA 4.0. 14 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus genotypes and subtypes circulating in Mainland China

Chen

Yin

et al. 2017

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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The hepatitis C virus (HCV) exhibits global genotypic diversity. HCV genotyping plays an important role in epidemiological studies and clinical management. Herein, we report the results of HCV genotype and subtype detection in a large number of clinical samples, as performed by an independent laboratory in China. In total, four HCV genotypes and 18 subtypes were identified among 32 030 patients from 29 provinces and municipalities in China. Five dominant subtypes were detected from 98.84% of the samples: 1b (n=16 713, 52.18%), 2a (n=9188, 28.69%), 3b (n=2261, 7.06%), 6a (n=2052, 6.41%) and 3a (n=1479, 4.62%). Twelve rare subtypes were detected, of which four (that is, 6b, 6j, 6q and 6r) are reported for the first time in the Chinese population. Genotypes 4, 5 and 7 were not detected. Mixed infections of the dominant subtypes were found in a small portion of samples (n=65, 0.203%), in the following combinations: 1b–2a, 1b–3b, 1b–6a, 3a–3b, 1b–3a and 2a–6a. No mixed infections with rare subtypes were found. Males, compared with females, showed higher HCV subtype diversity, a lower percentage of HCV1b and 2a and a higher percentage of rare subtypes and mixed infections. Our analyses revealed the comprehensive distribution patterns of HCV genotypes in the general population of mainland China. HCV genotypic patterns were differentially distributed on the basis of geography, sex and age.

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“…This might happen through transfusion of blood and blood products, surgery, organ transplantation, intravenous drug use, tattooing, hemodialysis, unsafe injection practices, mother to fetus, and sexual intercourse[ 5 - 8 ]. However, sexual transmission of HCV is less common and most often observed among men who have sex with men and HIV-infected patients[ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Hcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global elimination of hepatitis C virus infection: Progresses and the remaining challenges

Taherkhani¹,

Farshadpour²

2017

WJH

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Today, with the introduction of interferon-free direct-acting antivirals and outstanding progresses in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the elimination of HCV infection seems more achievable. A further challenge is continued transmission of HCV infection in high-risk population specially injecting drug users (IDUs) as the major reservoir of HCV infection. Considering the fact that most of these infections remain undiagnosed, unidentified HCV-infected IDUs are potential sources for the rapid spread of HCV in the community. The continuous increase in the number of IDUs along with the rising prevalence of HCV infection among young IDUs is harbinger of a forthcoming public health dilemma, presenting a serious challenge to control transmission of HCV infection. Even the changes in HCV genotype distribution attributed to injecting drug use confirm this issue. These circumstances create a strong demand for timely diagnosis and proper treatment of HCV-infected patients through risk-based screening to mitigate the risk of HCV transmission in the IDUs community and, consequently, in the society. Meanwhile, raising general awareness of HCV infection, diagnosis and treatment through public education should be the core activity of any harm reduction intervention, as the root cause of failure in control of HCV infection has been lack of awareness among young drug takers. In addition, effective prevention, comprehensive screening programs with a specific focus on high-risk population, accessibility to the new anti-HCV treatment regimens and public education should be considered as the top priorities of any health policy decision to eliminate HCV infection.

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Assessment of HCV genotypes in Yunnan Province of Southwest China

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

The nationwide distribution and trends of hepatitis C virus genotypes in mainland China

The nationwide distribution and trends of hepatitis C virus genotypes in mainland China

Hepatitis C virus genotypes and subtypes circulating in Mainland China

Global elimination of hepatitis C virus infection: Progresses and the remaining challenges

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