Assessment of health-relevant quality of life in the context of the medical and social profile of women with complicated pregnancies

Abstract

In modern Russia, there is a decline in the birth rate, a decline in women's reproductive health, and a high rate of complicated pregnancy and childbirth. The causes of unfavorable course and outcome of pregnancy are multifactorial. The contribution of medical factors to the course of the gestational process and the condition of the newborn is often not determinant in the course and outcome of pregnancy. One of the factors influencing the course of pregnancy is health-relevant quality of life. The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of certain characteristics of the medical and social profile on the health-relevant quality of life of pregnant women with complicated pregnancy. Materials and Methods. 153 pregnant women with complicated pregnancy were included in the study. Cohort one-stage sociological study of quality of life was realized by questionnaire survey method. The study of health-relevant quality of life of pregnant women with complicated pregnancy was conducted using the WHOQOL-100 questionnaire (WHO QOL-100). Results. When assessing the quality of life of pregnant women, there is a decrease in the average values of quality of life indicators in the spheres and subspheres of the questionnaire, determined by the somatic condition of respondents. A statistically significant dependence of the decrease in the mean values of the quality of life indicators of respondents in the age group of 30-39 years compared to respondents aged 20-29 years has been established. The evidence of the influence of the level of education on the quality of life of women with pathologic course of pregnancy is presented. In a comparative analysis of the quality of life of respondents whose professional activity is not associated with physical exertion and respondents who perform physical labor of varying degrees of severity, the greatest decrease in the average quality of life indicators is noted in the group of respondents engaged in heavy physical labor. There are higher quality of life indicators of respondents who are officially married. Conclusions. The conducted study provides evidence of somatic and social determinacy of health-relevant quality of life in pregnant women with complicated pregnancy. The established limitations of the quality of life allow objectifying personalized medical and social assistance to pregnant women, aimed at improving their quality of life and pregnancy outcome.