Assessment of Health Risks Due to Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions from Electric Utilities

French, C. C. J.; Peters, Wouter; Maxwell, B.; Rice, Glenn; Colli, Alessandra; Bullock, O. Russell; Cole, John A.; Heath, Ester; Turner, J.; Metes, B.; Brown, Dylan; Goldin, D.; Behling, Hermann; Loomis, Dana; Nelson, Christopher B.

doi:10.3109/01480549709003894

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Different studies focus on different kinds of risks associated with the process of carbon capture such as (1) cancer and non-cancer risks; (2) population exposure per unit of emissions, which is associated with atmospheric condition, the population size, and their proximities to the emissions; (3) social and mental impacts; and (4) accidents and deaths [9,14,15,[39][40][41][42]. According to [9], among the emissions from coal-fired electricity-generating plants, As and Cr were the main contributors to cancer risks, and HCl, Mn, HF, and Hg contributed to the noncancer risks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After that, the concentrations are evaluated for the possible impacts on human health. The emissions released from the tall stacks of the electricity generation plants were not deposited near the source, but further away [9,10]. PM 2.5 is ingested into the body via the respiratory system.…”

Section: Background and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The unacceptable cancer risk is the risk higher than 1,000,000 [9,33]. In other words, a cancer risk which is higher than 0.000001 will cause carcinogenic effects, which is an undesirable outcome.…”

Section: Long-term Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to [9] and [14], even though most power plants were unlikely to cause any significant non-cancer risks to human health, arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) were the primary contributors to these risks. For cancer risks, the results showed that the pollutants would not cause any carcinogenic health effects to the population [9,14]. The studies on air dispersion and risks from coal-fired power plants are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, while rainfall parameters (e.g., wind, temperature, inversions, rainfall's duration, frequency, and intensity) and precipitation near the stacks affect the deposition of wet mercury (Hg), various meteorological factors such as wind speed affect the deposition of dry Hg [12,13]. According to [9] and [14], even though most power plants were unlikely to cause any significant non-cancer risks to human health, arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) were the primary contributors to these risks. For cancer risks, the results showed that the pollutants would not cause any carcinogenic health effects to the population [9,14].…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A Comparative Study of Human Health Impacts Due to Heavy Metal Emissions from a Conventional Lignite Coal-Fired Electricity Generation Station, with Post-Combustion, and Oxy- Fuel Combustion Capture Technologies

Koiwanit¹,

Manuilova²,

Chan³

et al. 2016

Greenhouse Gases - Selected Case Studies

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Long-term Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Study of Human Health Impacts Due to Heavy Metal Emissions from a Conventional Lignite Coal-Fired Electricity Generation Station, with Post-Combustion, and Oxy- Fuel Combustion Capture Technologies

Koiwanit¹,

Manuilova²,

Chan³

et al. 2016

Greenhouse Gases - Selected Case Studies

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Differential effects of arsenic(III) and chromium(VI) on nuclear transcription factor binding

et al. 1999

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The toxic metals arsenic(III) and chromium(VI) are considered human carcinogens, although they may act through different mechanisms. We previously showed that when administered at single low, non-overtly toxic doses, chromium, arsenic, and several other chemical carcinogens preferentially alter expression of several model inducible genes in both whole-animal and cell-culture systems. In this study, we assessed whether chromium and arsenic target specific signaling pathways within cells to selectively modulate gene expression. We examined the effects of non-cytotoxic and cytotoxic doses of arsenic(III) and chromium(VI) on nuclear binding of the transcription factors AP-1, NF-kappaB, Sp1, and YB-1 in human MDA-MB-435 breast cancer and rat H4IIE hepatoma cells. These transcription factors were chosen because they may regulate many inducible genes, including those previously shown to be altered by metal treatments. We report that both arsenic and chromium significantly altered nuclear binding levels of these factors to their respective cis-acting elements. However, there were qualitative and quantitative differences in these effects that were dependent on the metal, time, dose, transcription factor, and cell line. These effects may play a significant role in metal-induced alterations in gene expression.

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Strategies for Chromium Bioremediation of Tannery Effluent

Garg

Tripathi

Srinath

2012

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Bioremediation offers the possibility of using living organisms (bacteria, fungi, algae,or plants), but primarily microorganisms, to degrade or remove environmental contaminants, and transform them into nontoxic or less-toxic forms. The major advantages of bioremediation over conventional physicochemical and biological treatment methods include low cost, good efficiency, minimization of chemicals, reduced quantity of secondary sludge, regeneration of cell biomass, and the possibility of recover-ing pollutant metals. Leather industries, which extensively employ chromium compounds in the tanning process, discharge spent-chromium-laden effluent into nearby water bodies. Worldwide, chromium is known to be one of the most common inorganic contaminants of groundwater at pollutant hazardous sites. Hexavalent chromium poses a health risk to all forms of life. Bioremediation of chromium extant in tannery waste involves different strategies that include biosorption, bioaccumulation,bioreduction, and immobilization of biomaterial(s). Biosorption is a nondirected physiochemical interaction that occurs between metal species and the cellular components of biological species. It is metabolism-dependent when living biomass is employed, and metabolism-independent in dead cell biomass. Dead cell biomass is much more effective than living cell biomass at biosorping heavy metals, including chromium. Bioaccumulation is a metabolically active process in living organisms that works through adsorption, intracellular accumulation, and bioprecipitation mechanisms. In bioreduction processes, microorganisms alter the oxidation/reduction state of toxic metals through direct or indirect biological and chemical process(es).Bioreduction of Cr6+ to Cr3+ not only decreases the chromium toxicity to living organisms, but also helps precipitate chromium at a neutral pH for further physical removal,thus offering promise as a bioremediation strategy. However, biosorption, bioaccumulation, and bioreduction methods that rely on free cells for bioremediation suffer from Cr6 toxicity, and cell damage. Therefore, immobilization of microbial cell biomass enhances bioremediation and renders industrial bioremediation processes more economically viable from reduced free-cells toxicity, easier separation of biosorbents from the tannery effluent, ability to achieve multiple biosorption cycles, and desorption (elution) of metal(s) from matrices for reuse. Thus, microbial bioremediation can be a cost competitive strategy and beneficial bioresource for removing many hazardous contaminants from tannery and other industrial wastes.

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Assessment of Health Risks Due to Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions from Electric Utilities

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

A Comparative Study of Human Health Impacts Due to Heavy Metal Emissions from a Conventional Lignite Coal-Fired Electricity Generation Station, with Post-Combustion, and Oxy- Fuel Combustion Capture Technologies

A Comparative Study of Human Health Impacts Due to Heavy Metal Emissions from a Conventional Lignite Coal-Fired Electricity Generation Station, with Post-Combustion, and Oxy- Fuel Combustion Capture Technologies

Differential effects of arsenic(III) and chromium(VI) on nuclear transcription factor binding

Strategies for Chromium Bioremediation of Tannery Effluent

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