Assessment of Heavy Metals in Municipal Solid Waste Dumpsite in Harar City, Harari Regional State, Ethiopia

Teka, Alemayehu

doi:10.22214/ijraset.2018.5420

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Organic compounds can dissolve lightly bound forms of heavy metals resulting in the increase of element uptake by plants [17]. For lead the results agrees with other researchers [18]. Ironically TOC can also reduce bioavailability of heavy metals in soils by absorption or forming stable complexes with humic substances though this will depend on other factors [19].…”

Section: Effects Of Physicochemical Characteristics On the Transfer Osupporting

confidence: 84%

Determination of Selected Heavy Metals in Tobacco Tree Shrubs Growing around Dandora Dumpsite, Nairobi, Kenya

Kahara

Murungi

Kiptoo

et al. 2019

CSIJ

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Environmental pollution by heavy metals is presently a serious threat to public health. Despite the toxic contaminants contained in municipal waste, most of the dumpsites remain unregulated and uncontrolled. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of Pb, Cr and Cd in the leaves of tobacco tree plants growing around the dumpsite so as to assess their impact on the environment. The pseudo-total concentration of the metals in the soil was done so as to calculate the transfer factors.pH and total organic carbon (TOC) of the soil was also determined. Soil and plant samples were collected thrice from thirty two sampling sites along the off-loading path from the centre of Dandora dumpsite up to a distance of 700 m away from the centre at depth of 0-30cm (top soil). Metal analysis was done using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). Pb levels ranged from 7.58±0.34 to 16.57±0.79 µg/g in the washed leaves and 9.22±0.36 to 19.27±0.40 µg/g in the unwashed leaves. Cr levels ranged from 5.11±0.40 to 14.4±0.91 µg/g in the washed leaves and 5.01±0.45 to 15.50±0.40 µg/g in the unwashed leaves. While Cd levels ranged from 0.24±0.01 to 3.62 ±0.17 µg/g in the washed leaves and 0.37±0.02 to 3.68±0.25 µg/g in the unwashed leaves. All these levels were above World Health Organization recommended limits in plants of Pb (0.3 µg/g), Cr (3 µg/g) and Cd (0.2 µg/g). Pearson correlation of the levels in the plants with their concentrations in the soils gave significantly positive values. This suggest that high metal concentration in the soil leads to increased mobility and hence bioavailability. Results obtained therefore suggest that Dandora dumpsite is highly polluted and people should be discouraged from using waste from the dumpsite as manure.

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Section: Effects Of Physicochemical Characteristics On the Transfer Osupporting

confidence: 84%

Determination of Selected Heavy Metals in Tobacco Tree Shrubs Growing around Dandora Dumpsite, Nairobi, Kenya

Kahara

Murungi

Kiptoo

et al. 2019

CSIJ

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“…Open burning, leachate release, and nuisance from Kile’s open dumping site posed greater risks for the environment and public health sustainability. 30 Due to these factors, there is a dire need to be addressed by identifying a landfill site that fulfills the economic, social, and environmental guidelines. The current status of the Harar city dumpsite is presented in Figure A1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landfill Site Selection Using GIS Based Multicriteria Evaluation Technique in Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia

Asefa

Damtew

Bayu

2021

Environ�Health�Insights

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Solid waste disposal is one of the challenging components in integrated solid waste management. Particularly the problem is prominent in cities with rapid population growth and waste generation. Harar, a capital city of Harari regional state located in the eastern part of Ethiopia, covers an area of 19.5 km2 and has a total population of 270 000. Despite the fastest population growth of the city, it doesn’t have a landfill site to accommodate the waste generated and open dumping is in full practice. As an integral part of a solid waste management plan, the construction of a landfill has been suggested by the city municipality. However, the multi-dimensional and conflicting aspect of landfill sitting, which involves environmental, social, technical, and economic considerations, challenges the location of a suitable landfill site. In the current study, we have applied geographic information system (GIS) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) multi-criteria decision analysis to select a landfill site through minimizing conflicting interests. Environmental and socio-economic factors including well water, distance from residence, land use and land cover, elevation, slope, and wind direction were weighted to develop a suitability index for landfill siting. Experts’ opinion was obtained to rank the aforementioned factors. The required landfill size was determined based on population growth, waste generation rate, and waste volume/year. Accordingly, the suitability index resulted in 3% of the area as highly suitable, and the rest 0.29%, 14.18%, 52.75%, and 29.8% classified as unsuitable, least suitable, moderately suitable, and suitable, respectively. Considering the future trend of waste generation, 16 ha of land located in the eastern part of the city was selected as a candidate landfill site with all the required suitability. The results of this study can be used as an input for decision making in siting landfill for Harar city.

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“…Millions of tonnes of unsegregated solid waste are reaching dumping yards daily. Though indeed, nature will eventually take care by degrading this waste over some time, the route taken for such degradation would be disastrous [14]. Huge accumulations of biodegradable waste materials on dumping yards develop anaerobic conditions quickly, and bio-methane starts escaping into the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfect home composting of biodegradable waste resources for reducing carbon foot print and climate change associated with global warming – a microbiological approach

Dhanorkar¹,

Sabnis²,

Kale³

2022

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Huge amounts of organic biodegradable waste resources are thrown on dumping yards in India and neighboring Asian countries every day. It is estimated that 40-50% of total solid waste collected daily is biodegradable in India. Mumbai, a 1% population of the country, generates about 2500 MT of biodegradable waste. The African continent is no exception to this colossal wastage of natural resources. Barring few countries in the developed world where these waste resources are handled appropriately and environmentally friendly and converted to good quality compost, the story is the same worldwide. This waste resource amounting to millions of metric tonnes is one of the key sources of biomethane escaping in the environment. It is also directly responsible for global warming and associated climatic changes. However, the waste resource generators have been permitted to wash off their hands in not taking care of small amounts of wastages. The result is huge sprawling dumping yards in civilized areas Small measures taken by individuals can make vast changes in the situation. The main reason for this centralized issue is that the decentralized generation of the waste resource is not tackled at that level. This method has two key factors. The method is based entirely on bacterial decomposition without involving any insects. It is also fast and can achieve conversion in 24 to 72 hours. A sincere approach supported by technological improvisation will make it successful and prevent huge amounts of bio-methane from escaping into the environment, which would certainly slow down global warming significantly and help arrest climate changes to a perceptible level. It would also be in tandem with the law of conservation of matter. The generation of pure organic manure will help in recovering the degrading topsoil layer of the country. A perfectly sustainable solution can be offered if all individuals play their part.

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Assessment of Heavy Metals in Municipal Solid Waste Dumpsite in Harar City, Harari Regional State, Ethiopia

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Determination of Selected Heavy Metals in Tobacco Tree Shrubs Growing around Dandora Dumpsite, Nairobi, Kenya

Determination of Selected Heavy Metals in Tobacco Tree Shrubs Growing around Dandora Dumpsite, Nairobi, Kenya

Landfill Site Selection Using GIS Based Multicriteria Evaluation Technique in Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia

Perfect home composting of biodegradable waste resources for reducing carbon foot print and climate change associated with global warming – a microbiological approach

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