Assessment of households’ responses to the tsunami threat: A comparative study of Japan and New Zealand

Wei, Hung-Lung; Wu, Hsin‐I; Lindell, Michael K.; Prater, Carla S.; Shiroshita, Hideyuki; Johnston, David; Becker, Julia

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.09.011

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Within those 69% evaluated respondents, only 11% evacuated because of the environmental cue. There are similar patterns as well as significant differences between tsunami threats in relation to household reactions (16,18). More empirical evidence is needed to illustrate the impact variables on the evacuation decision and evacuation process (18).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In contrast, another research that studied the tsunami response behavior of two local earthquakes in New Zealand found that evacuation decisions are unrelated to ground shaking intensity and duration ( 17 ). Households in Hitachi had a higher level of tsunami risk perception and were more likely to evacuate than Christchurch households ( 18 ). Many respondents in the 2016 New Zealand earthquake event stated they were confused directly after the earthquake and waited for official sources to inform them of a potential tsunami evacuation ( 19 ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Risk perception includes the judgment of perceived probability and consequence (financial loss, property damage, injury, death, disruption to daily life, etc.). The impact of risk perception on reaction has been studied in different earthquake and tsunami settings ( 8, 10, 17, 18, 20, 21 ). Some of these studies show that people with higher risk perception are more likely to evacuate ( 18 , 22 ); whereas some show the opposite, such as in the 2009 American Samoa event ( 8 ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Households’ Intended Evacuation Transportation Behavior in Response to Earthquake and Tsunami Hazard in a Cascadia Subduction Zone City

Chen

Buylova

Chand

et al. 2020

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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Earthquakes along the Cascadia subduction zone would generate a local tsunami that could arrive at coastlines within minutes. Few studies provide empirical evidence to understand the potential behaviors of local residents during this emergency. To fill this knowledge gap, this study examines residents’ perceptions and intended evacuation behaviors in response to an earthquake and tsunami, utilizing a survey sent to households in Seaside, OR. The results show that the majority of respondents can correctly identify whether their house is inside or outside a tsunami inundation zone. Older respondents are more likely to identify this correctly regardless of any previous disaster evacuation experience or community tenure. The majority of respondents (69%) say they would evacuate in the event of a tsunami. Factors influencing this choice include age, motor ability, access to transportation, and trust in infrastructure resiliency or traffic conditions. While the City of Seaside actively promotes evacuation by foot, 38% of respondents still state they would use a motor vehicle to evacuate. Females and older respondents are more likely to evacuate by foot. Respondents with both higher confidence in their knowledge of disaster evacuation and higher income are more likely to indicate less time needed to evacuate than others. Generally, respondents are more likely to lead rather than follow during an evacuation, especially respondents who report being more prepared for an evacuation and who have a higher perceived risk. This study showcases a unique effort at empirically analyzing human tsunami evacuation lead or follow choice behavior.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Households’ Intended Evacuation Transportation Behavior in Response to Earthquake and Tsunami Hazard in a Cascadia Subduction Zone City

Chen

Buylova

Chand

et al. 2020

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When a tsunami actually approaches, people tend to wait for information and wonder if they really need to evacuate right away (Yamori 2014), although based on recent studies, how Fig. 1 The area impacted by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami, location of the Nankai Trough, and cities and prefectures where field experiments were conducted in this study quickly people respond to early warning of tsunami varies widely (Lindell et al 2015;Fraser et al 2016;Wei et al 2017). Even if they are instructed to protect their own lives from the threat of a tsunami by following an ''everyone for themselves'' principle, many feel unable to ''leave family members to die'' and therefore await help while accepting that they may all ''go down together'' (Yamori 2014;Goltz 2017).…”

Section: Tsunami Evacuations: Interactions Between Human Systems and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Social Implementation of Smartphone App Nige-Tore for Improving Tsunami Evacuation Drills: Synergistic Effects Between Commitment and Contingency

Yamori

Sugiyama

2020

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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This research explored how we can improve tsunami evacuation behavior, which has been a major social issue since the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. We introduce Nige-Tore, a smartphone app for supporting tsunami evacuation drills, which was developed within an interdisciplinary research framework. Nige-Tore serves as an effective interface tool that successfully visualizes the dynamic interactions between human actions (evacuation behavior) and natural phenomena (tsunami behavior). Drill participants can check, on their smartphone, the estimated inundation area of the approaching tsunami, along with their own current evacuation trajectory. The results of real-world trials using Nige-Tore show that the app is more powerful than conventional devices and methods that have been used in tsunami evacuation training, such as hazard maps and traditional drills that do not make use of any apps, because Nige-Tore provides an interface that enables commitment and contingency thinking—which at first glance appear to represent different orientations—to not only coexist but to synergize. “Commitment” (devotion or involvement) refers to the act of immersing oneself in and viewing as absolute one particular scenario or its potential to be actualized, given conditions in which infinite scenarios may be actualized, depending on the interactions between human systems and natural systems. “Contingency” thinking (an accidental or incidental state) refers to the act of relativizing and separating oneself from any particular scenario or its potential to be actualized, given the same conditions. The synergistic effect of “commitment” and “contingency” thinking also expands people’s capacity to cope with unexpected and unforeseen events.

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“…Also, when we use information from the first responders, the evacuation is faster than when we use empirical equations from LifeSim. The finding that evacuations were completed more rapidly with the earthquaketsunami response data than with the LifeSim equations is due to the fact that, as long as the local population recognizes earthquake shaking as a tsunami warning cue, the shaking is an instantaneous broadcast mechanism (see Lindell et al, 2015;Wei et al, 2017). In those situations, k tends to 1 in Eq.…”

Section: Evacuation Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response time to flood events using a social vulnerability index (ReTSVI)

Hofflinger

Somos‐Valenzuela

Vallejos-Romero

2019

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Current methods to estimate evacuation time during a natural disaster do not consider the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the population. This article develops the Response Time by Social Vulnerability Index (ReTSVI). ReTSVI combines a series of modules that are pieces of information that interact during an evacuation, such as evacuation rate curves, mobilization, inundation models, and social vulnerability indexes, to create an integrated map of the evacuation rate in a given location. We provide an example of the application of ReTSVI in a potential case of a severe flood event in Huaraz, Peru. The results show that during the first 5 min of the evacuation, the population that lives in neighborhoods with a high social vulnerability evacuates 15 % and 22 % fewer people than the blocks with medium and low social vulnerability. These differences gradually decrease over time after the evacuation warning, and social vulnerability becomes less relevant after 30 min. The results of the application example have no statistical significance, which should be considered in a real case of application. Using a methodology such as ReTSVI could make it possible to combine social and physical vulnerability in a qualitative framework for evacuation, although more research is needed to understand the socioeconomic variables that explain the differences in evacuation rate.

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Assessment of households’ responses to the tsunami threat: A comparative study of Japan and New Zealand

Cited by 35 publications

References 53 publications

Households’ Intended Evacuation Transportation Behavior in Response to Earthquake and Tsunami Hazard in a Cascadia Subduction Zone City

Households’ Intended Evacuation Transportation Behavior in Response to Earthquake and Tsunami Hazard in a Cascadia Subduction Zone City

Development and Social Implementation of Smartphone App Nige-Tore for Improving Tsunami Evacuation Drills: Synergistic Effects Between Commitment and Contingency

Response time to flood events using a social vulnerability index (ReTSVI)

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