Assessment of human risks from exposure to low toxicity occupational dusts

Soutar, C. A.; Miller, Brian G.; Gregg, Neill J.; Jones, A. D.; Cullen, R. T.; Bolton, Robert

doi:10.1016/s0003-4878(96)00014-2

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Workers in the carbon black industry with small opacities on the chest radiographs had lower lung function (forced vital capacity) than those with normal chest radiographs (I. Saez-Llorett; personal communication), raising the possibility of some tissue interaction. This interaction could be due to the ultrafine nature of the primary carbon black particles, as it has been shown that very fine carbon black particles have a greater potency to cause inflammatory reactions in lung tissue compared to larger particles sizes [32,33]. However, it is unclear if this is also the case for airborne carbon black particles as the primary particles are generally agglomerated and aggregated in much larger particles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal analyses of chest radiographs from the European Carbon Black Respiratory Morbidity Study

Tongeren¹,

Gardiner²,

Rossiter³

et al. 2002

Eur Respir J

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High levels of exposure to carbon black have been linked with an increased prevalence of chest radiograph abnormalities. However, it is unclear to what extent current levels of exposure in the carbon black manufacturing industry are associated with new cases of and progression in small opacities.Longitudinal analyses were carried out on data from workers in the European carbon black manufacturing industry who provided three full-size chest radiographs sequentially between 1987-1995. All chest radiographs were independently read by three experienced readers according to the International Labour Organisation (ILO) classification.After exclusion of participants with previous lung diseases or injuries, females, unreadable chest radiographs and from factories with a low participation rate, data from 675 workers were available for the longitudinal analyses. An association was observed between cumulative carbon black exposure and new cases of chest radiograph abnormalities (ILO category o1/0) and progression in small opacities. These associations were mainly related to changes in chest radiographs from workers at one factory. A large percentage of workers with chest radiograph abnormalities reversed to normal chest films; however, after adjusting for other factors, this was not associated with levels of exposure to carbon black dust.In conclusion, the results show that exposure to carbon black is associated with increased risk of chest radiographic abnormalities, which may be reversible after reduction or cessation of exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal analyses of chest radiographs from the European Carbon Black Respiratory Morbidity Study

Tongeren¹,

Gardiner²,

Rossiter³

et al. 2002

Eur Respir J

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“…Ultrafine particles (such as CB) have been reported to impair clearance in humans and increase the risk of radiologic opacities. However, there is no evidence of increased risk of lung cancer to CB despite having a smaller surface area when compared to coal dust (Soutar et al, 1997).…”

Section: Animal Study Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon black should not be classified as a human carcinogen based on rodent bioassay data

Rausch

Bisinger

Sharma

2004

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology

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“…Translocation to extrapulmonary tissues is reported (57,58); experimental and epidemiologic findings show toxic effects of UfPs on the nervous and cardiovascular systems after translocation from site of administration. The physical properties of UfPs (see Box 2) influence deposition, distribution, and clearance in tissues (64,65).…”

Section: Deposition Distribution and Clearance In Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%