Assessment of Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers by Integrating Statistical and Graphical Techniques: Quaternary Aquifer, West Nile Delta, Egypt

Hasan, Samia S.; Salem, Zenhom E.; Sefelnasr, Ahmed

doi:10.3390/w15101803

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 64 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Ion concentration of the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer is higher than that of the carbonate and increase toward the Gulf of Suez. The higher concentration in sandstone aquifers could be related to seawater intrusion and or evaporation (Salem and Osman 2017a, b;Hasan et al 2023and Salem et al 2021aand 2022a. Carbonate concentrations carry the aquifer lithology impact.…”

Section: Hydrogeochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated stratigraphical, hydrogeochemical, and geophysical studies to characterize the shallow groundwater aquifers in Wadi Araba area, western Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Salem,

Abdelazeem,

Khalifa

et al. 2024

Appl Water Sci

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The construction of the New Galala City besides great mining (e.g., konoozmisr) and Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant projects in the semiarid Gulf of Suez region of Egypt increases the demand for groundwater resources. So, the current research provides integrated stratigraphical, hydrogeochemical, and geophysical studies to investigate the shallow groundwater aquifers in Wadi Araba area on the western side of the Gulf of Suez. The stratigraphic column starts with pre-Cambrian basement rocks which are non-conformably overlain by sedimentary succession of Phanerozoic Erathem. A detailed land magnetic profile has been conducted and processed to estimate the aquifer’s geometrical parameters. This includes the subsurface spatial extension and thickness to delineate the prevailed subsurface structures in the study area. Lithostratigraphically, these aquifers are represented by the Paleozoic- lower Cretaceous siliciclastic-dominated sediments of the Nubia Group and fractured carbonate-dominated facies of the upper Cretaceous Galala Formation. Lithological characters, sedimentary facies (fluvial to shallow and open marine), microfacies types, and diagenesis processes (e.g., compaction, cementation, dissolution, and fracturing) are the main factors that affect the quality of the shallow aquifers in the study area. The main microfacies of the studied aquifers are quartz arenite, subarkose, sublitharenite, mudstone/wackestone, and packstone/grainstone. These facies are characterized by different primary and secondary porosities. According to the water sampling standard methods, nineteen groundwater samples were collected from the available hand-dug wells and springs from the Nubian sandstone aquifer and the Upper Cretaceous aquifer, respectively. Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), titration, spectrophotometer and a flame photometer were used to obtain a complete chemical analysis. The results of hydrochemical analyses indicated that total dissolved solids (TDS) and concentrations of major ions as well in the lower Cretaceous aquifer increase toward the Gulf of Suez and in general higher than that of springs of the Upper Cretaceous Aquifer. The predominant factors influencing groundwater chemistry include seawater intrusion, evaporation, mineral alteration, dissolution of fossils, and ion exchange. Groundwater in the study area is unsuitable for drinking except in one sample and moderately suitable for irrigation with caution for higher salinity in samples located near the Gulf of Suez.

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Section: Hydrogeochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated stratigraphical, hydrogeochemical, and geophysical studies to characterize the shallow groundwater aquifers in Wadi Araba area, western Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Salem,

Abdelazeem,

Khalifa

et al. 2024

Appl Water Sci

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Advancing Deltaic Aquifer Vulnerability Mapping to Seawater Intrusion and Human Impacts in Eastern Nile Delta: Insights from Machine Learning and Hydrochemical Perspective

Arafa,

El-Said Salem,

Abdeldayem

et al. 2024

Earth Syst Environ

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Impact of seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifers and its effects on agriculture in the delta region of Tamil Nadu

Tharik,

Vijayaraghavalu

2024

Environ. Res. Commun.

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The current study aimed to evaluate the influence of seawater intrusion into groundwater and potential irrigation hazards in the coastal region of Tamil Nadu, India, by analyzing 177 groundwater samples. According to GQISWI, the data shows that 72% of the groundwater samples were contaminated by seawater mixing. Furthermore, seawater mixing into freshwater is evident in 65.5% of the groundwater samples, with a seawater mixing index value greater than 1. According to the USSL classification of electric conductivity for irrigation water quality, 36.7% of samples are classified as very high (>2251 µS/cm), 44% as high (751- 2250 µS/cm), 15.3% as medium (251-750 µS/cm), and 3.4% as low (<250 µS/cm) salinity hazards. Further, the potential salinity reveals that 75% of the samples have high salinity problems while 25% of the samples are moderately suitable for irrigation. According to the statistical analysis, there is a significant correlation between EC and Ca2+ (r=0.93), Mg2+ (r=0.94), Na+ (r=0.92), Cl- (r=0.99), and NO3- (r=0.19), indicating that human activities have a considerable impact on giving these ions to groundwater in the study region. In addition, overexploitation of groundwater through deep borewells for agriculture and domestic purposes, as well as climate change, may result in salinization of coastal aquifers in the study area.

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Assessment of Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers by Integrating Statistical and Graphical Techniques: Quaternary Aquifer, West Nile Delta, Egypt

Cited by 3 publications

References 64 publications

Integrated stratigraphical, hydrogeochemical, and geophysical studies to characterize the shallow groundwater aquifers in Wadi Araba area, western Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Integrated stratigraphical, hydrogeochemical, and geophysical studies to characterize the shallow groundwater aquifers in Wadi Araba area, western Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Advancing Deltaic Aquifer Vulnerability Mapping to Seawater Intrusion and Human Impacts in Eastern Nile Delta: Insights from Machine Learning and Hydrochemical Perspective

Impact of seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifers and its effects on agriculture in the delta region of Tamil Nadu

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