Assessment of hydrogeochemical status of groundwater in a coastal region of Southeast coast of India

Abstract

A study was conducted in a coastal region of Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu, India, to identify the hydrogeochemical processes controlling the groundwater chemistry. The major geological units of the study area are sandstone, clay, alluvium, and laterite soils of Tertiary and Quaternary age. A total of 64 groundwater samples were measured for major ions and stable isotopes. Higher electrical conductivity values indicate the poor quality groundwater along the coastal region. Saline water intrusion mainly affects the hydrochemical composition of the aquifer water reflected by Na-Cl-type waters. Cl − / (Cl − + HCO 3 − ) ratio also indicates the mixing of fresh groundwater with saline water. The results of δD and δ 18 O analyses show that isotopic compositions of groundwater ranges from − 7.7 to − 2.1‰ for δ 18 O and from − 55.6 to − 18.5‰ for δD. Correlation and factor analysis were carried out to find the association of ions and to determine the major factors controlling the groundwater chemistry of the region. The study indicates that ion exchange, weathering, salt water intrusion along the coast, and anthropogenic impacts are the major controlling factors for the groundwater chemistry of the region.

Geogenic Arsenic and Microbial Contamination in Drinking Water Sources: Exposure Risks to the Coastal Population in Bangladesh

“…This finding also matches with Khanom and Salehin (2012). High EC values indicate poor quality drinking water that threatens environmental and public health (Bangladesh Water Act, 2013;Minar et al, 2013;Chidambaram et al, 2018). The present investigation revealed that most drinking water sources contained high concentrations of Fe.…”

“…The hydrological system in the coastal area is influenced by seawater and hydro-geochemical processes that are leading to deteriorating drinking water quality in groundwater systems (Chidambaram et al, 2018). In the tidal delta plain of south-western Bangladesh, high salinity and Arsenic (As) concentrations in groundwater is a widespread problem (Ayers et al, 2016).…”

“…(MoWR, 2005). Saline water intrusions significantly affect the hydro-chemical composition of aquifer water (Chidambaram et al, 2018), and 53% of the aquifers in the coastal region of Bangladesh are affected by Bay of Bengal-saline water intrusion (MoFDM, 2005). As well as that, shallow aquifers in Meghna river basins and coastal plains are extremely As enriched, as more than 80% TW are considered As contaminated (Ahmed et al, 2004).…”

Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution and Stable Isotopic Signatures in Hard Rock Aquifers of Krishnagiri District, South India

“…Ca-Cl is the major water type in the study are, which indicates the dissolution of ions by the monsoonal rainfall recharge [51]. Gibbs plot also indicate the dominance of weathering process by the water-rock interaction through the recharge water [52]. Overall, the higher concentration of ions in groundwater at the discharge region (i.e.…”

Ecohydrogeochemical functioning of coastal freshwater herbaceous wetlands in the Protected Natural Area, Ciénaga del Fuerte (American tropics): Spatiotemporal behaviour

“…Water studies in wetlands tend to be limited to surface water (Kors et al, 2012) and, occasionally, to interstitial water (water present at the root level, Weterbach et al, 2016), without understanding the role of groundwater in wetlands, its chemical composition, or the hydrogeochemical processes influencing these ecosystems (Hunt, Krabbenhoft, & Anderson, 1997;Liu & Mou, 2016). With respect to hydrogeochemical studies in coastal areas, this have been carried out to understand the water quality of aquifers for human use (Chidambaram et al, 2018;Lee & Song, 2007) and, more recently, to identify the causes of salinization (salt intrusion, geological processes, or anthropic contamination, Böhlke & Denver, 1995;Lee & Song, 2007;Bouzurra, Bouhlila, Elango, Slama, & Ouslati, 2017). Some hydrogeochemical studies have been focused to understand dynamics between groundwater and surface water to reduce anthropic effects but without an ecological approximation (Ladouche & Weng, 2005).…”