Assessment of in vitro efficacy for common surface disinfectants and antiseptics against Tritrichomonas foetus trophozoites

Martin, Katy A.; Kovach, Kristofer; Moscoso, Erica; Carreiro, Elizabeth; Jesudoss Chelladurai, Jeba R. J.; Brewer, Matthew T.

doi:10.3389/fvets.2023.1282274

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Cows usually get infected through sexual transmission from infected bulls, arti cial insemination with the infected semen. Except for few chemical methods of surface sterilization (Martin et al, 2023), till date there are no legal options proposed for elimination of parasite. Periodic screening, culling of infected animals, and strictly limiting the entry of infected animals were the stringent control strategies used certain parts of Wyoming, USA, that resulted in the eradication of Bovine Trichomonosis (Yao.2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoinformatics guided engineering of a Cysteine Proteases chimera protein from Trichomonas foetus

Karli

2024

Preprint

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Background Bovine Trichomonosis is one of the most notable sexually transmitted diseases of cattle resulting in severe reproductive failure. There were several incidents of zoonotic transmission reported in immune compromised individuals. However, till date there are no point-of-care diagnostics developed for onsite screening Trichomonas foetus infection in cattle. This current study was conducted to engineer a chimaera protein of Cysteine Proteases(most suitable target proteins of Trichomonas foetus) suitable for development of point of care diagnostics tools using Bioinformatics tools Results Based on earlier studies on Transcriptomics and proteomics of Trichomonas foetus, we have identified high level expressions of Cysteine proteases. Cysteine protease8 was the highly expressed protein followed by Cysteine protease13 and Cysteine protease16. Immune Epitope Data base tools for B-Cell epitope prediction identified immunogenic domains of about 60–90 amino acids long. The Chimaera of the above potential epitopes was found to exhibit a stable 3-D structure and was predicted to exhibit stable expression in Yeast. Conclusions Cysteine proteases chimaera protein is most suitable for recombinant protein expression in eukaryotic expression systems like Pichia pastoris. This recombinant protein would serve as potential antigen source for development of antibody detection tests such as Lateral flow assay and ELISA for detection of Bovine Trichomoniasis in cattle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoinformatics guided engineering of a Cysteine Proteases chimera protein from Trichomonas foetus

Karli

2024

Preprint

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“…Cows usually get infected through sexual transmission from infected bulls, artificial insemination with the infected semen. Except for few chemical methods of surface sterilization [14], till date there are no legal options proposed for elimination of parasite. Trichomonas foetus is reported to have zoonotic transmission to humans in a number of immune-compromised patients [15,16] which further extends the concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Silico Annotation and Immunoinformatics Guided Epitope Mapping of Potential Antigenic Proteins of Trichomonas foetus

Gorla,

Akula,

Awalaloo

et al. 2024

MEDIN

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Bovine Trichomonosis is one of the neglected tropical diseases of cattle that is resulting in severe reproductive failure. With present knowledge, disease diagnosis and maintaining the infected animals in the quarantine are the only available strategies. Several spillover incidences of Trichomonas foetus had also resulted in zoonotic transmission to humans. In spite of above circumstances, till date there are no point of care diagnostics developed for screening Bovine Trichomoniasis in cattle. In the light of above circumstances, there exists a demand for cost-effective diagnostic kits to be provided to farming community. This current study highlights evaluation of few surface proteins of Trichomonas foetus for the suitability as sero-diagnostic markers. Proteins such as Adhesin, Immuno-dominant variable surface antigen-like protein, and polymorphic membrane GP-63-like (Clan MA, family M8) protein and Hypothetical protein (OHS95735.1) were analyzed for structural features, Glycosylation patterns using freely available Bioinformatics tools and antigenic potential. Mapping of potential epitopes of all the target proteins was done using Immunoinformatics tools. Among the above proteins, GP63 like protein, Immuno-dominant variable antigenic domain like protein and Polymorphic membrane protein like proteins are most suitable as diagnostic targets, owing to their higher levels of glycosylation, large epitope domains and showing structural similarities with the domains of known toxic proteins. On the other hand, Adhesin protein has the potential to be exploited as a vaccine candidate. The above proteins are suitable to be expressed in suitable host system and validated the immunogenic potential by animal inoculation and by testing with the real samples.

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Toxicological properties of mixtures of binary silver-copper, silver-zinc, and copper nanoparticles on cell culture model and laboratory animals

Kovalenko,

Paliy,

Kornieikov

et al. 2024

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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The development, testing, and implementation of antimicrobial agents necessitates the determination of their toxicological characteristics. The objective of our research was to ascertain the direction and magnitude of the impact of experimental samples of disinfectants based on binary silver-copper, silver-zinc, and copper nanoparticles on biological entities of disparate levels of organization (cell culture, laboratory animals). The culture of calf coronary vessel cells (CVCs), 220 mature white laboratory rats, and 45 Chinchilla rabbits were used for the study. Mixtures of binary nanoparticles D1: MeNPs content – 5.4 mmol/L; D2: MeNPs content – 4.9 mmol/L were used as antimicrobial compounds. Toxic effects on cell culture were determined by the percentage of monolayer integrity, and biological effects in animals were determined by determining acute and subacute toxicity by clinical and biochemical parameters. The results of the culture studies demonstrated that the CC50 value of D2 was 6.2 times lower than that of D1, indicating a higher degree of cytotoxicity. No animal deaths were observed in the acute toxicity test (single intragastric administration to white rats at a dose of 30000 mg/kg body weight), which permitted the classification of the test samples as Class VI toxicity (relatively harmless) and Class IV hazardous (low-hazardous). When applied topically to rabbits' skin and mucous membranes, the experimental samples did not exhibit a pronounced irritant effect. A 30-day dermal application of the drugs to rats at doses of 0.5 and 5.0 mL/kg was conducted to determine the impact on hematological and biochemical parameters of a tenfold dose. Following the cessation of the administration of the aforementioned experimental disinfectant samples, the levels of all indicators were observed to return to the control levels within 14 days. The higher toxicity of the D2 drug for biological systems of different levels of organization, compared to the D1 drug, may be attributed to two factors: the higher concentration of AgNPs (2.4 times) and the potentiation of the toxic effect of two binary compounds (Ag-Zn and Ag-Cu) in its composition. Further research is needed to determine the biological impact of experimental samples of disinfectants based on silver, copper, and zinc metal nanoparticles on other functional systems of laboratory animals and the clinical and biochemical status of productive agricultural animals in production conditions.

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Assessment of in vitro efficacy for common surface disinfectants and antiseptics against Tritrichomonas foetus trophozoites

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Immunoinformatics guided engineering of a Cysteine Proteases chimera protein from Trichomonas foetus

Immunoinformatics guided engineering of a Cysteine Proteases chimera protein from Trichomonas foetus

In Silico Annotation and Immunoinformatics Guided Epitope Mapping of Potential Antigenic Proteins of Trichomonas foetus

Toxicological properties of mixtures of binary silver-copper, silver-zinc, and copper nanoparticles on cell culture model and laboratory animals

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