Assessment of Internal Exposure to Radon in Schools in Karbala, Iraq

Hashim, Abdalsattar Kareem; Nayif, Sara Salih

doi:10.18576/jrna/040103

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Radon concentrations ranged between (13.140 Bq/m 3 ) and (38.439 Bq/m 3 ), with an average value of (25.408 and 25.317 Bq/m 3 ) for LR-115 and CN-85 detectors, respectively. The mean annual effective dose is (0.028 mSv.y-1) and (0.020 mSv.y-1) for both detectors [10].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radon Concentrations in the Environments of Some Primary Schools in Khidir City, Al-Muthanna Province, Iraq

Sharrad,

Farhood,

Muhammed

2024

AJR2P

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Indoor radon concentrations in 13 primary schools were conducted in Khidir City, Muthanna Province, Iraq, using LR-115 solid-state nuclear track detector type II. The study aims to estimate indoor radon levels in the internal environment of the classrooms for three months (from 1st September to 30th November 2023). Radon concentrations were varied from (0.1 Bq/m3) to (14.13 Bq/m3), with a mean value of (5.61 Bq/m3). The investigated levels were lower than the permissible limits referenced by UNSCEAR and WHO. Moreover, the annual effective dose (AED) has been calculated due to inhalation, which varied from the value of (0.029352 mSv/yr) to the value of (0.081145 mSv/yr), with a mean value of (0.016205 mSv/yr). AED values obtained were found to be lower than the allowed value of (0.1 mSv/yr) reported by UNSCEAR and much lower than the permissible limit (1 mSv/yr) proposed by WHO. However, the results obtained indicate that the indoor radon concentrations were significantly affected by the floor level of the classroom (negatively correlated) and the school building age (positively correlated). Consequently, all results have revealed that the radon concentrations and the associated inhalation radon dose does not pose any kind of health hazard to the occupational stuff and students.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radon Concentrations in the Environments of Some Primary Schools in Khidir City, Al-Muthanna Province, Iraq

Sharrad,

Farhood,

Muhammed

2024

AJR2P

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“…The formula used to calculate the number of lung cancer cases per year per million people (NLCC) is given as follows [17]:…”

Section: Number Of Lung Cancer Cases Per Year Per Million Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Radon Concentration and Estimation of Cancer Risk in Twenty-Four Model Houses in the Town of Koudougou

Derra,

Bambara,

Kaboré

et al. 2024

OJAppS

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The objective of our study is to evaluate the concentration of radon ( 86 Rn) inside houses in the town of Koudougou in order to estimate its impact on the health of the population. Indeed, when uranium-rich minerals are found near the surface of the ground, radon concentrations can reach tens of becquerels per cubic meter in enclosed spaces. Given the nature of the geological base of Burkina Faso, this situation is quite probable and certain places that are sometimes poorly ventilated (house, school, office, etc.) can have radon levels high enough to constitute a health problem for occupants. Thus, twenty-four (24) sample houses were identified. In each house, the Corentium digital detector was between 0.8 m and 2 m for at least one week in a place where the occupants estimate that they spend more time of time and measure the concentration of radon in the long term and short term. The recorded data allowed us to determine the Absorbed Dose and the Annual Effective Dose of radon gas for each house in order to estimate the Risk of Cancer and the probable Number of Cases of Lung Cancer per million inhabitants. Thus, the results indicate that the long-term radon concentration varies between 6 Bq/m 3 and 285 Bq/m 3 respectively in houses 11 and 4 compared to 1 Bq/m 3 to 208 Bq/m 3 in the short term in the same houses. Also, in the long term, in control houses 1, 3 and 4, the radon level is above the recommended threshold interval. For the short term, these are houses 1, 3, 4 and 17 respectively with 110 Bq/m 3 , 142 Bq/m 3 , 208 Bq/m 3 and 105 Bq/m 3 . As for the long-term and short-term effective doses, only houses 1, 3, 4, 17 and 24 have values between 3 -10 Sv/year. The estimation of the relative risk of lung cancer gives How to cite this paper:

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“…The formula used to calculate the number of lung cancer cases per year per million people (NLCC) is given as following [14]: offices were between 6.143 Bq/m 3 and 172.571 Bq/m 3 . Offices 6 and 13 have long-term concentrations that exceed the lower limit of 100 Bq/m 3 but below the upper limit of 300 Bq/m 3 .…”

Section: Number Of Lung Cancer Cases Per Year and Per Million Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Radon Concentration and the Health Risk in the Offices of the Institute of Science and Technology of the “École Normale Supérieure”, Burkina Faso

Jonathan¹,

Luc²,

Ali³

et al. 2023

WJNST

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The second most important cause of lung cancer after smoking is radon gas. Thus, the determination of indoor radon concentrations in residential buildings and workplaces is an important public health concern. The purpose of this research was to measure the concentration of radon gas in the offices of the Institute of Science and Technology and to evaluate the effective dose in the lungs and the risk of cancer. This study used Corentium's AIR THINGS digital radon detector to determine the radon concentration in sixteen ( 16) offices. The digital radon detector air Things of Corentium was placed in each office for a minimum period of one week and the concentration values were recorded every 24 hours. The values recorded in each office were the short-term average and the long-term average during seven days of measurement. The short-term radon concentrations vary between 5.286 Bq/m 3 and 192.714 Bq/m 3 with an average of 48.01 Bq/m 3 and those in the long-term were between 6.143 Bq/m 3 and 172.571 Bq/m 3 with an average of 52.46 Bq/m 3 . The measurements in office N˚6 and 13 were above the lower limit of 100 Bq/m 3 proposed by the WHO. The short-term and long-term effective doses in the lungs for offices N˚6 and 13 were above the "normal" background level of 1.1 mSv/year proposed by UNSCEAR-2000. The short-term effective dose in the lungs for office N˚6 was above the lower limit of 3 mSv per the ICRP-23 recommendation. The average number of lung cancer cases per year per million people was 15.

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Assessment of Internal Exposure to Radon in Schools in Karbala, Iraq

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Radon Concentrations in the Environments of Some Primary Schools in Khidir City, Al-Muthanna Province, Iraq

Radon Concentrations in the Environments of Some Primary Schools in Khidir City, Al-Muthanna Province, Iraq

Measurement of Radon Concentration and Estimation of Cancer Risk in Twenty-Four Model Houses in the Town of Koudougou

Evaluation of Radon Concentration and the Health Risk in the Offices of the Institute of Science and Technology of the “École Normale Supérieure”, Burkina Faso

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Assessment of Internal Exposure to Radon in Schools in Karbala, Iraq

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Radon Concentrations in the Environments of Some Primary Schools in Khidir City, Al-Muthanna Province, Iraq

Radon Concentrations in the Environments of Some Primary Schools in Khidir City, Al-Muthanna Province, Iraq

Measurement of Radon Concentration and Estimation of Cancer Risk in Twenty-Four Model Houses in the Town of Koudougou

Evaluation of Radon Concentration and the Health Risk in the Offices of the Institute of Science and Technology of the “&#201;cole Normale Sup&#233;rieure”, Burkina Faso

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Evaluation of Radon Concentration and the Health Risk in the Offices of the Institute of Science and Technology of the “École Normale Supérieure”, Burkina Faso