Assessment of irrigation and environmental quality at the hydrological basin levelII. Salt and nitrate loads in irrigation return flows

Causapé, J.; Quı́lez, D.; Aragüés, R.

doi:10.1016/s0378-3774(04)00178-7

Cited by 55 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, the reduction of IRF by irrigation management could be a critical issue for the control of off-site salt pollution in this study area. This is in agreement with studies of Causape et al (2004) in Spain.…”

Section: Salt Loadsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Nitrate is the most abundant form of nitrogen and, because of its high mobility and persistence, becomes a primary groundwater pollutant in agricultural regions (Ling andEl-Kadi 1998, Onsoy et al 2005). IRF nitrate loading is highly variable, because it is a function of the irrigation and drainage systems, soil characteristics, crop management system and climatic conditions (Causape et al 2004). Typical values of nitrate loading found in IRF may vary from 20 kg ha -1 year -1 in well-managed irrigated systems, to more than 200 kg ha -1 year -1 in poorly managed irrigated systems (Cavero et al 2003).…”

Section: "Irrigation Return Flow (Irf) Is Defined As the Excess Of Irmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hydrochemical characteristics of irrigation return flow in semi-arid regions of Iran

Jafari

Raeisi

Hoehn

et al. 2012

Hydrological Sciences Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study area is located on the Harat plain, in the central region of Iran. Four local-soil filled, freedrainage lysimeters were installed in wheat and barley farms operating under traditional farm management practices. The volume, electrical conductivity (EC), nitrate and major ions of the applied irrigation water and irrigation return flow (IRF) were measured during the growing season. The total dissolved solids (TDS) of IRF increased three to five times compared to that of the applied water. This enhancement was the same as for the chloride ion ratio, indicating the major impact of evapotranspiration in IRF salinity enhancement. Geochemical modelling using PHREEQCI confirmed the significant role of evapotranspiration and the minor effects of processes such as calcite precipitation, gypsum dissolution, fertilizer nitrification and ion exchange on the values of the IRF TDS. Time variations of EC were functions of the type of flow (preferential or matrix), lithology and soil type. The controlling parameters of the nitrate time series were the frequent applications of N fertilizer and the nitrification process. The annual N loads (NO 3 -N) of IRF varied from 22 to 195 kg ha -1 . These variations were due to the different N loads in the applied water, the amount of fertilizer, soil texture, N uptake and volume of IRF. The annual salt loads of IRF were mainly controlled by the volume of IRF.Key words irrigation return flow; lysimeter; nitrate; N load; salt load; semi-arid; water quality; traditional farming; Iran Caractéristiques hydrochimiques des débits de colature dans les régions semi-arides de l'Iran Résumé La zone d'étude est située sur la plaine de Harat, dans la région centrale de l'Iran. Quatre lysimètres à drainage libre remplis de sol local ont été installés sur des exploitations agricoles produisant du blé et de l'orge selon des pratiques traditionnelles. Le volume, la conductivité électrique (CE), les nitrates et les ions majeurs de l'eau d'irrigation appliquée et du débit de colature (DC) ont été mesurés pendant la saison de croissance. Les matières totales dissoutes (MTD) du DC ont augmenté de trois à cinq fois par rapport à celles de l'eau appliquée. Cette augmentation a été la même que pour le rapport de l'ion chlorure, indiquant l'impact majeur de l'évapotranspiration dans l'augmentation de la salinité du DC. La modélisation géochimique utilisant PHREEQCI a confirmé le rôle important de l'évapotranspiration et les effets secondaires de processus tels que la précipitation de la calcite, la dissolution du gypse, la nitrification des engrais et les échanges d'ions sur les valeurs des MTD du DC. Les variations temporelles de la CE étaient fonctions du type de débit (préférentiel ou matriciel), de la lithologie et du type de sol. Les paramètres contrôlant la série chronologique des nitrates étaient les applications fréquentes d'engrais azotés et le processus de nitrification. Les charges annuelles en N (NO 3 -N) du DC ont varié de 22 à 195 kg ha -1 . Ces variations étaient dues aux charges en ...

show abstract

Section: Salt Loadsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: "Irrigation Return Flow (Irf) Is Defined As the Excess Of Irmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical characteristics of irrigation return flow in semi-arid regions of Iran

Jafari

Raeisi

Hoehn

et al. 2012

Hydrological Sciences Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Also, water quality permitting, irrigation using drainage waters can contribute a considerable mass of nitrates to crops thereby favouring: a) reduction in the use of fertilizers, b) better nitrogen application according to the needs of the crops, and c) a decrease in the mass of pollutants exported outside the agrarian system (Causapé et al, 2004a;Toze, 2006).…”

Section: Agricultura De Regadío Y Aguas Subterráneas El Caso Del Acumentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation agriculture and groundwater. The case of Miralbueno aquifer (Spain)

Valenzuela¹

2008

Span. j. agric. res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A great number of flood irrigation districts which have low irrigation efficiency due to the high permeability of their soils cannot undertake a generalised changeover to pressurized irrigation systems in the short term. This work seeks to study the effects which the changeover of the irrigation system in the Irrigation District Nº V of Bardenas (Spain) would have on the hydric regime of the Miralbueno aquifer; also to evaluate different alternatives to improve water management based on the use of groundwater. For this, a model of the aquifer was made with the help of the Modflow 2000 software and different scenarios were simulated. The results indicate that generalised conversion to pressurized irrigation systems will cause a decrease in the average phreatic level (1.20 m) and in the volume of water drained by the ditches (49% less). Until this measure is taken, the irrigation efficiency of the agrarian system could be increased notably by intensifying the reuse of groundwater by means of: a) the construction of intercepting drainages to reuse groundwater in flood irrigation again, and b) the construction of appropriately distributed wells for drip irrigation of the current area of vegetables.

show abstract

“…Finally, in the controversy on the effects of improving and modernizing of irrigable areas for water conservation, it is necessary to emphasize that there is an agreement on the environmental improvements derived from the improvement of irrigation infrastructures (Ortega et al, 2002;Causapé et al, 2004Causapé et al, , 2006Clemmens et al, 2008;Lecina et al, 2009), particularly when these actions are linked to overall improvements in the water use area (including management, irrigation scheduling, availability of irrigation advisory services, among others) .…”

Section: Improvement and Consolidation Of Irrigable Areas And Water Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review.Water resources deficit and water engineering

Tarjuelo

Jiang

Moreno

et al. 1970

Span. j. agric. res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The increasing demand of water for different uses, together with the variable availability of this resource, which is due to the increasingly frequent periods of drought, make necessary to undertake a set of structural and contextual actions to cope with the permanent or temporary scarcity situations. Within the search for solutions to the progressively more widespread situation of limited water availability for agriculture, this paper aims to state the role that engineering can play to face up this deficit, taking into account the social, economic, and environmental issues of water, together with the priority of uses. Structural measures can help to:1) increase the water availability (increased or more flexible supply through reservoirs, water transfers, water rights interchange centres, desalination, reuse, aquifer recovery, and conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater), and 2) rationalize water consumption by improving demand management, including the irrigation management improvement, as well as maximizing the efficiency of irrigation systems. In addition to these measures, other social issues can be implemented through public awareness and education, adequate economic policies, legislative adaptation, and technical support to municipalities and water use associations. Thus, to face up water scarcity in a region it is necessary to identify the different water sources, including alternative sources such as desalination and reuse, and develop an appropriate model of management as well as infrastructure for water storage and regulation.Additional key words: desalination; drought; irrigation; wastewater reuse; water management; water scarcity; water transfers. ResumenRevisión. El déficit hídrico y la ingeniería del agua La creciente demanda de agua para los distintos usos, junto con la variabilidad en la disponibilidad de este recurso debido a los cada vez más frecuentes periodos de sequía, hacen necesario llevar a cabo un conjunto de acciones estructurales y coyunturales para poder hacer frente a las situaciones de escasez temporal o permanente que se producen. Dentro de la búsqueda de soluciones a la situación cada vez más generalizada de limitada disponibilidad de agua para la agricultura, el presente trabajo pretende incidir en el papel que puede jugar la ingeniería a la hora de hacer frente a esta situación de déficit, teniendo en cuenta los aspectos sociales, económicos y ambientales del agua y sus prioridades de uso. Las medidas estructurales pueden contribuir a: 1) aumentar los recursos (aumento o flexibilidad de la oferta mediante embalses, trasvases, centros de intercambio de derechos de agua, desalinización, reutilización, recarga de acuíferos, o el uso conjunto de aguas superficiales y subterráneas), o 2) racionalizar los consumos (mejorando la gestión de la demanda, incluyendo la mejora de la gestión del regadío y la mejora de la eficiencia del riego en parcela). Además de estas medidas puede llevarse a cabo otras de carácter social como la concienciación y educación ciudadana, el fo...

show abstract

Assessment of irrigation and environmental quality at the hydrological basin levelII. Salt and nitrate loads in irrigation return flows

Abstract: El artículo seleccionado no se encuentra disponible por ahora a texto completo por no haber sido facilitado todavía por el investigador a cargo del archivo del mismo.

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Hydrochemical characteristics of irrigation return flow in semi-arid regions of Iran

Hydrochemical characteristics of irrigation return flow in semi-arid regions of Iran

Irrigation agriculture and groundwater. The case of Miralbueno aquifer (Spain)

Review.Water resources deficit and water engineering

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About