Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Associated Factors Towards Post-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV/AIDS among Health Professionals in Health Centers Found in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia

Shamil, Mohammed; Legese, Nanati; Tadiwos, Yohannes

doi:10.2147/hiv.s278150

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The 37 studies [22–59] included 6482 participants. All of the included studies were cross‐sectional studies and the sample size ranged from 66 [35] to 401 [45].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/AIDS post‐exposure prophylaxis knowledge and uptake among health professionals in Africa: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2022

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Background Healthcare workers in developing countries are at particularly increased risk of infections from blood‐borne pathogens because of the high prevalence of such pathogens in their communities as well as the lack of basic personal protective equipment, such as gloves, gowns and goggles. For those exposed healthcare workers, the immediate administration of antiretroviral drugs following exposure to potentially infected blood or other bodily fluids is essential in order to minimize the risk of acquiring HIV infection. This review is aimed at estimating the pooled prevalence of knowledge and uptake of post‐exposure prophylaxis among healthcare providers in Africa. Methods We accessed PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, African Journals Online (AJOL), Journal Storage (JSTOR) and EMBASE. The search for unpublished studies included Google and institutional repositories were also used. This meta‐analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The quality of studies was assessed using the modified Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta‐analysis was carried out with a random‐effects method using STATA v.14 software. Results Out of 654 692 studies retrieved, 37 studies from four African regions involving 6482 healthcare providers were included in this meta‐analysis. The overall estimated pooled uptake and knowledge of HIV/AIDS post‐exposure prophylaxis among healthcare providers in Africa using a random‐effects model were 40.09% (95% CI: 30.14–50.04) and 57.67% (95% CI: 44.32–71.01) respectively, whereas the highest uptake and knowledge were 45.48% (95% CI: 24.79–66.17) and 61.37% (95% CI: 46.39–76.36) in the southern and eastern regions, respectively. Conclusions The results of this meta‐analysis indicated that the knowledge and uptake of post‐exposure prophylaxis, one of the best approaches to tackling HIV/AIDS transmission, are significantly low. Therefore, healthcare organizations should work on strategies to increase knowledge and uptake of post‐exposure prophylaxis among healthcare providers. Registration Prospero (ID: CRD42021244003).

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“…The 37 studies [22–59] included 6482 participants. All of the included studies were cross‐sectional studies and the sample size ranged from 66 [35] to 401 [45].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/AIDS post‐exposure prophylaxis knowledge and uptake among health professionals in Africa: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2022

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“…In the following period, human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2, classified in the Retroviridae family Lentivirus genus, were defined as the infectious agents of AIDS in 1983 and 1986, respectively [3,4]. HIV infection is mainly transmitted through sexual contact (mucosal surfaces), mother-to-baby transmission (transplacental, during birth or breastfeeding), percutaneous inoculation (intravascular needle sharing, stab wounds), and transfusion of blood and blood products [5,6]. Viral particles coming from an infected person who expresses the virus in body fluids during sexual contact, which is the most important transmission route, reach the target cells of the immune system in the lamina propria layer that lies under the genital or gastrointestinal mucosa of the susceptible person [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiological Imaging Results in HIV-Infected Patients in Mogadishu-Somalia: A Four-Year Retrospective Review

Kaya,

Tahtabaşı,

Kahyaoğlu

et al. 2023

jmvi

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Somalia, which is one of the countries that has been trying to integrate with the rest of the world in terms of many socio-economic parameters, including the field of health in recent years, still faces some important health problems. One of these problems is the difficulties encountered in the early diagnosis and treatment of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, primarily due to social discrimination and limited treatment access. In this study, it was aimed to examine the findings detected in the radiological imaging examinations requested during the first examination in patients who were diagnosed with HIV for the first time by detecting HIV seropositivity in tests performed for different clinical reasons, and to determine the pathologies caused by advanced disease in patients who did not receive treatment. The study includes 235 patients who were diagnosed for the first time out of 269 patients with HIV confirmed by two different serological diagnostic tests during a previous comprehensive seroepidemiological study, and 14 patients with a suspicious test result for HIV infection but the presence of infection cannot be definitively proven in the absence of molecular diagnostic methods. In retrospective examinations, it was determined that 117 (49.8%) and 13 (92.9%) patients in both groups had radiological imaging (magnetic resonance imaging-MRI, computed tomography-CT, ultrasonography, and chest X-ray), respectively. While 16 of 117 HIV-infected patients had non-specific radiological findings and 53 had normal radiological findings, at least one radiological imaging of 48 patients revealed abnormal radiological imaging findings that may be associated with HIV infection. In these 48 patients, pneumonia findings in thorax CT and chest X-ray examinations, and encephalitis-related findings in patients with central nervous system involvement were the most common anomalies. In addition of these, other abnormal radiological findings included mass lesions compatible with neoplasia, lesions compatible with metastasis, lymphadenopathies, hepatosplenomegaly, and lesions indicating spleen involvement. The presence of similar findings (lesions compatible with pneumonia, encephalitis, and neoplasia) in 9 of 13 patients whose HIV infection could not be confirmed indicates that radiological tests can make significant contributions to clinical evaluations in the management of patients with suspicious laboratory results. The data we present from a region where significant obstacles are encountered in the diagnosis and follow-up of HIV infections due to the fear of discrimination (stigma) of the patients and the lack of molecular tests draw attention to the fact that many patients have advanced lesions when they are diagnosed, and this situation will have negative effects in the patient management and treatment process.

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Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Associated Factors Towards Post-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV/AIDS among Health Professionals in Health Centers Found in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

HIV/AIDS post‐exposure prophylaxis knowledge and uptake among health professionals in Africa: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

HIV/AIDS post‐exposure prophylaxis knowledge and uptake among health professionals in Africa: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Radiological Imaging Results in HIV-Infected Patients in Mogadishu-Somalia: A Four-Year Retrospective Review

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