Assessment of land use/land cover dynamics vis-à-vis hydrometeorological variability in Wular Lake environs Kashmir Valley, India using multitemporal satellite data

Mushtaq, Fayma; Pandey, Arvind Chandra

doi:10.1007/s12517-013-1092-1

Cited by 64 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The flood vulnerability scenario in the Jhelum basin has worsened during the last few decades as a significant number of the lakes and wetlands in the basin, that used to store floodwaters and act as sponge during flooding, have been urbanized and converted into concrete landscape in the entire Kashmir Valley. Most of the wetlands and water bodies in Jhelum basin are fighting a losing battle for their survival due to the official and public apathy (Rashid and Naseem 2007;Mushtaq and Pandey 2014). The hydrological functionality of wetlands has been adversely affected due to the encroachment, siltation and depleting streamflows under the changing climate (Romshoo et al 2015;Lal et al 2001).…”

Section: Drivers Of Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic, geomorphic and anthropogenic drivers of the 2014 extreme flooding in the Jhelum basin of Kashmir, India

Romshoo

Altaf

Rashid

et al. 2017

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

103

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The 2014 extreme flooding in Kashmir, with the peak discharge exceeding 115,000 cfs and the Jhelum River overflowing its banks, was triggered by the complex interplay of atmospheric disturbances causing widespread extreme rainfall for 7 days preceding the event. We used multisource data in GIS environment; satellites, hydro-meteorological, socioeconomic and field data, to assess the role of various factors in the flooding. The event was aggravated by the geomorphic setup of the Valley. Tributaries in the south, characterized by high gradient, decreased time of runoff concentration and increased flood peakedness with short lag, almost simultaneously discharge enormous volumes of floodwaters into the Jhelum around Sangam. Owing to the flat gradient of the Jhelum from Sangam downstream (<5 o), floods historically inundate vast areas in the stretch. The situation was exacerbated by the anthropogenic drivers, such as extensive urbanization of the floodplain, loss of wetlands, and decreased channel capacity due to the siltation from the deforested mountainous landscapes. The dilapidated flood control infrastructure and the institutional inability to manage the enormity of the event made the situation worst causing unprecedented damage to the infrastructure in the basin with the capital city Srinagar inundated up to »30ft for more than a week.

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Section: Drivers Of Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic, geomorphic and anthropogenic drivers of the 2014 extreme flooding in the Jhelum basin of Kashmir, India

Romshoo

Altaf

Rashid

et al. 2017

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

103

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“…The massive land system changes in the Kashmir region concerning agricultural lands, orchards, and built-up areas have been documented in many studies [39,40,87]. Although few studies suggest that the depleting streamflows are a significant factor driving the land system changes in Kashmir [88,89], the changes are also perhaps taking place due to economic considerations, especially given the fact that the production from apple orchards fetches more income compared to irrigation-intensive agriculture [46,[90][91][92][93]. The increase in the built-up area in Lidder watershed has not only resulted in shrinkage of land under agriculture but has perhaps also affected the hydrological connectivity, as a lot of smaller streams have dried due to land-filling and the associated expansion of built-up areas across Kashmir [94].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking the Recent Glacier Retreat and Depleting Streamflow Patterns with Land System Changes in Kashmir Himalaya, India

Rashid

Majeed

Aneaus

et al. 2020

Water

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This study reports the changes in glacier extent and streamflow similar to many Himalayan studies, but takes the unusual step of also linking these to downstream land use changes in Kashmir Valley. This study assessed changes in the area, snout, and equilibrium line altitude (ELA) of four parts of the Kolahoi Glacier using earth observation data from 1962 to 2018. Changes in the discharge of the two streams flowing out from Kolahoi Glacier into the Jhelum basin were also assessed between 1972 and 2018. Additionally, satellite data was used to track the downstream land system changes concerning agriculture, orchards, and built-up areas between 1980 and 2018. This analysis suggested a cumulative deglaciation of 23.6% at a rate of 0.42% per year from 1962 to 2018. The snout of two larger glaciers, G1 and G2, retreated at a rate of 18.3 m a −1 and 16.4 m a −1 , respectively, from 1962 to 2018, although the rate of recession accelerated after 2000. Our analysis also suggested the upward shift of ELA by ≈120 m. The streamflows measured at five sites showed statistically significant depleting trends that have been a factor in forcing extensive land system changes downstream. Although the area under agriculture in Lidder watershed shrunk by 39%, there was a massive expansion of 176% and 476% in orchards and built-up areas, respectively, from 1980 to 2018. The conversion of irrigation-intensive agriculture lands (rice paddy) to less water-intensive orchards is attributed to economic considerations and depleting streamflow.Water 2020, 12, 1168 2 of 18 to decrease in the streamflows in the Himalayan Rivers [7,[27][28][29], which could affect water availability downstream [30]. Studies suggest that the glacier recession in the Kashmir valley has already resulted in the depleted streamflows downstream [31,32]. The land system changes in the region [33][34][35][36] have been linked to depleting streamflows, economic considerations, and unplanned land transformation.The use of remote sensing data for quantifying land system changes over the Kashmir region has been widely documented [37][38][39][40]. At the same time, there is substantial scientific literature detailing the glacier retreat prevalent over the region. A recent study indicated that the glaciers in the Ladakh region are retreating at 0.55% a −1 [41], whereas another study [42] reported few stable and advancing glaciers in the Zanskar region of Jammu and Kashmir. Similar retreat estimates have been put forth for the Zanskar region for the glacier area changes carried between 1989 and 2007 [43]. However, very conservative area changes (0.16% a −1 ) have been reported for the neighboring Suru basin [44] for the glacier area changes assessed for the 1977-2017 period. In another study carried out in the Lidder watershed of the Jhelum basin, the glaciers were reported to be shrinking at 0.51% a −1 [17]. Glacier mass change over the western Himalayas has accelerated from 0.33 to 0.5 m w.e. (water equivalent) per year between 1970-2000 and 2000-2010, respectively [45]. Ther...

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“…Water is one of the major components for the living creatures to survive. The water ecosystem, various types of resources valuable for the survival of the organisms are facing threat from a wide range of physical processes including land use/land cover change, pollution, global climate change as well as human interventions (Mushtaq and Pandey, 2013). Lakes and reservoirs store the part of these resources and satisfy both human requirements ranging from drinking water to recreation and environmental requirements to support high levels of biodiversity (Ismail et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating and Mapping Chlorophyll-a Concentration of Phewa Lake of Kaski District Using Landsat Imagery

Wagle

Pote

Shahi

et al. 2019

ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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Abstract. Water is a major component in the living ecosystem. As water quality is degrading due to human intervention, continuous monitoring is necessary. One of the indicators is Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) which indicates algal blooms which are often driven by eutrophication phenomena in freshwater. Lakes should be monitored for Chl-a because Chla-a is related to eutrophication phenomena which are an enrichment of water by nutrients salt. When the environment becomes enriched with nutrients the excessive growth can lead to the death of fish. In this study, the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques were utilized to determine Chl-a concentration of Phewa Lake of Kaski district. We used Landsat 8 satellite imagery for estimation and mapping of the Chl-a concentration. In-situ measurements from different sample points were taken and used to form a regression model for Chl-a and its concentration over the water body was calculated. The preceding year’s (2016) in situ measurement data of Chl-a concentration at a specific location were assessed with the one evaluated from the regression model thus produced for the succeeding year (2017) using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) technique. As a result, we concluded that the estimation and mapping of Chl-a of a lake in Nepal can be done with the help of RS and GIS techniques.

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Assessment of land use/land cover dynamics vis-à-vis hydrometeorological variability in Wular Lake environs Kashmir Valley, India using multitemporal satellite data

Cited by 64 publications

References 8 publications

Climatic, geomorphic and anthropogenic drivers of the 2014 extreme flooding in the Jhelum basin of Kashmir, India

Climatic, geomorphic and anthropogenic drivers of the 2014 extreme flooding in the Jhelum basin of Kashmir, India

Linking the Recent Glacier Retreat and Depleting Streamflow Patterns with Land System Changes in Kashmir Himalaya, India

Estimating and Mapping Chlorophyll-a Concentration of Phewa Lake of Kaski District Using Landsat Imagery

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