Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): Trypanosoma evansi infections (including Surra)

Abstract

Trypanosoma evansi infections (including Surra) have been assessed according to the criteria of the Animal Health Law (AHL), in particular criteria of Article 7 on disease profile and impacts, Article 5 on the eligibility of T. evansi infections (including Surra) to be listed, Article 9 for the categorisation of T. evansi infections (including Surra) according to disease prevention and control rules as in Annex IV and Article 8 on the list of animal species related to T. evansi infections (including Surra). The assessment has been performed following a methodology composed of information collection and compilation, expert judgement on each criterion at individual and, if no consensus was reached before, also at collective level. The output is composed of the categorical answer, and for the questions where no consensus was reached, the different supporting views are reported. Details on the methodology used for this assessment are explained in a separate opinion. According to the assessment performed, it is inconclusive whether T. evansi infections (including Surra) can be considered eligible to be listed for Union intervention as laid down in Article 5(3) of the AHL because there was no full consensus on the criterion 5 A(v). Consequently, the assessment on compliance of T. evansi infections (including Surra) with the criteria as in sections 4 and 5 of Annex IV of the AHL, for the application of the disease prevention and control rules referred to in points (d) and (e) of Article 9(1) is also inconclusive, as well as which animal species can be considered to be listed for T. evansi infections (including Surra) according to Article 8(3) of the AHL. Acknowledgements: The Panel wishes to thank Marc Desquesnes and Philippe B € uscher for the support provided to this scientific output.

Overview of Cattle Diseases Listed Under Category C, D or E in the Animal Health Law for Which Control Programmes Are in Place Within Europe

“…Similar evaluations have been undertaken for bovine viral diarrhoea and paratuberculosis (3,4), but these studies were limited to only one disease. In 2017, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) published information on EU countries' disease statuses for certain cattle diseases (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14); however, different definitions were used and not all non-EU regulated diseases were covered. Furthermore, not all European countries were included and some of the data are now outdated.…”

The anti-parasitic activity of Thymus vulgaris (Thyme): A literature review

“…This disease affects animals, with a particular emphasis on domestic livestock like cattle, horses, camels, and water buffaloes. Nevertheless, it has the ability to infect other animals, including dogs, cats, in addition to humans (More et al, 2017). Controlling T. cruzi is a daunting task due to its ability to infect not only humans but also a diverse array of domestic and wild species.…”

Molecular Analysis of Trypanosome Infections in Algerian Camels

“…In Europe, it is present in the Canary Islands, from where recent sporadic incursions into the French and Spanish mainland have occurred [5,7,8]. Trypanosoma b. evansi causes a trypanosomosis called "surra" in many countries [8][9][10]. It is an acute, chronic or subclinical disease that is very often fatal in camels, horses and dogs, but can also seriously affect cattle and buffaloes.…”