Assessment of Loosely-bound and Firmly-bound Fluoride Uptake by Tooth Enamel from Topically Applied Fluoride Treatments

Sieck, B.A.; Takagi, Shōzō; Chow, Laurence C.

doi:10.1177/00220345900690060701

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As compared with fluorapatite, calcium fluoride deposits are more susceptible to being washed away or dissolved (15,16). Fluorapatite is stable and does not dissolve in saliva because it is supersaturated in comparison with saliva.…”

Section: A-ementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ammonium hexafluorosilicate application on demineralized enamel and dentin of primary teeth

et al. 2012

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Silver diamine fluoride (Ag(NH 3 ) 2 F)arrests caries but stains teeth black. To overcome this drawback, we applied ammonium hexafluorosilicate (AHF; (NH 4 ) 2 SiF 6 ) and observed changes in the color and structure of demineralized enamel and dentin of extracted primary teeth. Enamel and dentin were demineralized in 10% EDTA solution for 90 s followed by 35% phosphoric acid gel for 60 s, then soaked in AHF solution for 60 s. Before analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energydispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), enamel and dentin were demineralized in 10% EDTA for 90 s. Teeth were divided into 4 groups according to AHF application and artificial saliva immersion status and then examined. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD test at a significance level of P < 0.05. AHF treatment did not cause visible discoloration. Enamel prisms and dental tubules appeared by demineralization were covered with precipitates by AHF application. A sphere-filled membranous structure was observed in the saliva immersion groups. EDS analysis showed that AHF application had no effect on enamel; however, F% and Ca/P ratio were significantly higher on dentin surfaces after AHF application without artificial saliva immersion. Further study on arresting caries treatment is required. (J Oral Sci 54, 267-272, 2012)

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Section: A-ementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ammonium hexafluorosilicate application on demineralized enamel and dentin of primary teeth

et al. 2012

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“…The RS solutions were changed daily in all cases. After the treatment cycles, the specimens in each group were washed in a constant composition F titration system to remove loosely bound F [Sieck et al, 1990].…”

Section: Topical Fluoride Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, a two-step topical fluoride treatment consisting of DCPD-forming treatment followed by APF was devised to incorporate tooth-bound F in enamel. In this treatment, a pH 2.1 DCPD-forming solution was applied to the tooth for 4 min, followed by 4 min APF treatment [Chow et al, 1980[Chow et al, , 1981Sieck et al, 1990]. The DCPD-forming solution dissolved a small amount of tooth mineral below the tooth surface and reprecipitated the mineral ions in the form of DCPD as an intermediate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Tooth–Bound Fluoride on Enamel Demineralization/ Remineralization in vitro

2000

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The effect of tooth–bound fluoride (F) on enamel caries formation was investigated under the condition that loosely bound F was essentially absent. Eighteen thin enamel sections, prepared from the lingual or buccal surfaces of extracted human molars, were embedded in acrylic resin with the enamel surfaces exposed. The sections were placed in a pH 7 remineralizing solution (RS; 1.2 mmol/l Ca, 0.72 mmol/l P, 30 mmol/l KCl, 50 mmol/l HEPES) for 5 days, and were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) control group that received no treatment, (2) acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) group that received 5 cycles of a 4 min treatment with APF gel followed by immersion in the RS for 2 days (RS changed daily) and (3) dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) – APF group that received 5 cycles of a 4–min pH 2.1 DCPD–forming solution followed by 4 min APF gel and then placed in the RS for 2 days. After the treatment cycles, the sections were washed in a constant composition F titration system to remove loosely bound F. An in vitro model, which consisted of cycles of de– (6 h) and remineralization (18 h) each day for 5 days, was used to produce caries–like lesions in the specimens. The ΔZ (mineral loss) values, measured by quantitative microradiography, of the lesions formed in the three groups were (mean ± standard deviation; n = 6) 91.2±12.3 Ìm for the control group, 41.3±10.1 Ìm for the APF group and 21.2±4.8 Ìm for the DCPD–APF group. The same system produced lesions in untreated shark enamel with a mean ΔZ of 4.4±0.3 Ìm (n = 12). One–way fixed–effects ANOVA indicated that mineral loss was significantly different among the different groups (p<0.05). The results showed that enamel resistance to lesion formation increased with increasing tooth–bound F content. Shark enamel was much more resistant to demineralization than human enamel.

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“…As compared with fluorapatite, calcium fluoride deposits are more susceptible to washout and dissolution (17,18). Because it is supersaturated with respect to saliva, fluorapatite is stable and does not dissolve in saliva.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ammonium hexafluorosilicate application for arresting caries treatment on demineralized primary tooth enamel

Hosoya

Otani²,

Hidaka

et al. 2013

J Oral Sci

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Ammonium hexafluorosilicate (AHF) hasbeen applied to arrest caries without discoloration. The purpose of this study was to observe structural and elemental changes of demineralized and AHF applied primary tooth enamel. Enamel from the labial surface of 20 primary canines was divided into an unground side and ground side at the center of the tooth, and demineralized with 35% phosphoric acid for 6 min. The teeth were divided into 4 groups according to a 3-min application of AHF and 1 week of soaking in artificial saliva, as follows: group A (neither AHF nor saliva), group B (only saliva), group C (only AHF), and group D (AHF and saliva), and then subdivided according to whether the enamel was ground or unground. Specimens were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). The data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD test at α = 0.05. In groups A and B, prism structures were seen, however, in groups C and D, enamel surfaces were covered with spherical particles. Ca/P ratio was significantly higher in groups C and D than in groups A and B. There was no significant difference between ground and unground enamel in the content of any element. The values for F, Na, Mg and Si persents and Ca/P ratio were significantly higher for the enamel surface than for points 10-30 µm beneath the surface. Results of this study suggest the possibility that AHF treatment arrests caries, although further study will be required to confirm this result. (J Oral Sci 55, 115-121, 2013)

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Assessment of Loosely-bound and Firmly-bound Fluoride Uptake by Tooth Enamel from Topically Applied Fluoride Treatments

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of ammonium hexafluorosilicate application on demineralized enamel and dentin of primary teeth

Effects of ammonium hexafluorosilicate application on demineralized enamel and dentin of primary teeth

Effect of Tooth–Bound Fluoride on Enamel Demineralization/ Remineralization in vitro

Effect of ammonium hexafluorosilicate application for arresting caries treatment on demineralized primary tooth enamel

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