Assessment of malocclusion and patients' need for orthodontic treatment.

Abstract

Objective: To document the frequency of various classes of Angle’s malocclusion and its treatment need among children of both gender between 13-17 years age attending government high schools in Peshawar District. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Khyber Medical University Institute of Dentistry. Period: Jan 2020 to Nov 2021. Material & Methods: 900 patients of both genders between the ages of 13 and 17 were used in the current investigation. A performa was used to record malocclusions e.g. Angle's classification, overjet, overbite, open bite and cross bite. For various malocclusions, the Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) index was reported. Results: We looked at 900 students between the ages of 13 and 17 whose guardians had signed a written consent form. Among the 900 students who were examined, 60% (540) were males, and 40% (360) were females. 175 individuals had normal dental health, 420 had class 1 malocclusions, 265 had class 2s, and 40 had class 3s. Overjet was excessive in 210 cases and reduced in 53. Overbite was excessive in 201 cases and reduced in 34. In 185, there was an open bite. The difference was significant (P < 0.05). In 489 cases, DHC grade I and II, 310 cases, grade III, and 101 cases, grade IV, and grade V. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The most frequent malocclusion is class 1. DHC grades I and II were more frequently observed in patients. Malocclusion can be identified using the Dental Health Components (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN).