Assessment of maturation stages and the accuracy of age estimation methods in a Turkish population: A comparative study

Abstract

Purpose This study assessed the associations between chronological age, dental maturation (DM), cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM), and hand-wrist maturation (HWM) in individuals aged 9-19 years. In addition, this study aimed to derive practical methods to evaluate the skeletal age using DM, CVM, or HWM for orthodontic, medical, and forensic purposes and to compare which of these 3 developmental parameters is more accurate for estimating the age of individuals in a Turkish population. Materials and Methods Panoramic, lateral cephalometric, and hand-wrist radiographs of 284 patients aged 9-19 years were used in this study. The DM, CVM, and HWM stages were determined. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, kappa, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square, and Spearman correlation tests and simple linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. The significance level was 0.05. Results Statistically significant differences were found between chronological age and DM, chronological age and CVM, and chronological age and HWM in both sexes ( P <0.05). DM did not show statistically significant differences according to sex ( P >0.05), but CVM and HWM were statistically different between males and females ( P <0.05). The DM-estimated age yielded more accurate values than the other methods. Conclusion All correlations between skeletal and dental stages were statistically significant. Our results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between chronological age and DM-estimated age. Therefore, it can be concluded that DM stages have the potential to be used for legal purposes.

Skeletal maturation evaluation: which is the reliability of dental calcification Demirjian method versus hand-wrist X-ray in growing subjects? A systematic review

“…for title and abstract. Out of these, we included 25 papers for full-text screening [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Six articles not respecting eligibility criteria were excluded by the systematic review.…”

“…Camacho-Basallo et al [23] reported significant correlations (P < 0.001) between the two methods with the exception of the first molars that showed a low significant correlation in female (CC = 0.263; P < 0.05) and not significant correlation in male (CC = 0.187; P > 0.05). Magat et al [32] evaluated only third molars and found only a moderate correlation between the dental developmental stages of third mandibular molars and the start of PGS (P < 0.05) in both males and females.…”

“…Analysing the correlation between third mandibular molar developmental stages and skeletal maturation, Magat et al [32] found a moderate correlation (P < 0.05) in both males and females. Krailassiri et al [28] showed that all the correlations between Demirjian method and HWM were statistically significant (P < 0.01), but the third molars showed the lowest correlation (0.31 in female; 0.47 in male).…”

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“…No to nije točan pokazatelj stupnja djetetova razvoja s obzirom na to da stupanj rasta i razvoja varira od osobe do osobe (3,4). Zato su u literaturi opisane različite metode, uključujući procjenu dentalne i skeletne dobi koja se može izračunati iz panoramskih, kefalometrijskih i običnih rendgenskih snimaka šake kao i slika kompjutorizirane tomografije s konusnom zrakom (CBCT) (5,6).…”

“…However, it is not an accurate indicator of the stage of development of the child, since the stage of growth-development varies from one individual to another (3,4). Therefore a variety of methods, including dental and skeletal age estimation which can be calculated from panoramic, cephalometric, and hand-wrist plain radiographs as well as cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images have been described in the literature (5,6).…”