Assessment of methyl methacrylate genotoxicity by the micronucleus test

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic potential of methyl methacrylate (MMA) vapor by simulating standard occupational exposure of 8 hours per day and using the micronucleus test. We used 32 adult male Wistar rats divided into three groups: A -16 rats exposed to MMA for 8 hours a day, B -Eight rats receiving single subcutaneous doses of cyclophosphamide on the first day of the experiment (positive control), C -Eight rats receiving only water and food ad libitum (negative control). Eight rats from group A and all of the rats from groups B and C were sacrificed 24 hours after beginning the experiment (acute exposure in group A). The remaining animals in group A were sacrificed 5 days after the experiment began (repeated exposure assessment in group A, simulating occupational exposure 40 hours/week). Femoral bone marrow was collected from each rat at the time of sacrifice for use in the micronucleus test. Two slides were completed per animal and were stained with Giemsa staining. Two thousand polychromatic erythrocytes were counted per animal. The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by a multiple comparisons test (Dunn test) was used for statistical analysis. The median number of micronuclei was 7.00 in the group exposed to MMA for 1 day, 2.00 in the group exposed to MMA for 5 days, 9.00 in the group exposed to cyclophosphamide (positive control) and 0.756 in the negative control group (p < 0.0001). MMA was genotoxic when measured after 1 day of exposure but was not evidently genotoxic after 5 days.

Dietary Exposure to Particles of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) Induces Different Responses in Periwinkles Littorina brevicula

“…The high toxic risk of PMMA is related to the presence of a series of acrylic acid derivatives in the polymer structure, which, by diffusing from the polymer, can enhance the generation of ROS and cause genotoxicity [50][51][52][53]. A good example is experiments showing that cytogenetic and genotoxic effects were detected with the exposure of sea urchin sperm (Sphaerechinus granularis, Paracentrotus lividus) with PMMA microparticles or with extracts of this polymer [54,55].…”

Inflammation in the lungs of mice due to methyl methacrylate exposure

“…Buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt) assay was used in this study. Other studies involving micronuclei examination of erythrocytes showed that MMA was genotoxic on day 1 of exposure, but not on day 5 [3].…”

Bacterial Colonization and Tissue Compatibility of Denture Base Resins

“…They are small additional nuclei in the cytoplasm and can be seen microscopically as extranuclear DNA material [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. MC are increasingly produced in the presence of genotoxic substances, either as a result of dysfunction of the spindle apparatus or as a result of chromosome breakage [ 32 , 36 , 37 ].…”