Assessment of Microleakage Using Dye Penetration Method in Primary Teeth Restored with Tooth-colored Materials: An In Vitro Study

Abstract

Aim: The present study aimed to assess the microleakage in primary teeth restored with tooth-colored materials using the dye penetration method. Materials and methods: A total of 60 healthy primary molar teeth were included in this study and standardized class II mesio-occlusal cavities were prepared on the samples. Consequently, these teeth were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n = 20 each group) such as group I: nano-filled resin-modified glass-ionomer, group II: nanocomposite resin, and group III: Cention N. After completing all the restorations, the restored teeth were subjected to 100 cycles of thermocycling. Next, all the surfaces of the tooth, except the restoration and a 1-mm zone adjacent to the restoration's margins, were covered with two coats of nail varnish. The coated teeth were then submerged in a 0.5% basic fuchsin dye solution. The teeth were then sectioned along the center of each restoration mesiodistally. Each part was visualized under a stereomicroscope at ×40 magnifications to assess microleakage. Results: Out of all the included restorative materials, the least microleakage was demonstrated by teeth restored by the nano-filled resin-modified glass-ionomer (RMGI) group (1.05 ± 0.21) followed by the Cention N group (1.84 ± 0.14) and the nanocomposite resin group (3.10 ± 0.03). A statistical method involving the analysis of variance revealed a statistically significant difference among the different restorative materials. Multiple comparisons among the restorative materials showed a statistically significant difference between groups I and II and groups II and III restorative materials (p < 0.05). The dye penetration score 1 was more [11(55%)] for the nano-filled RMGI group, score 3 was more [12(60%)] for the nanocomposite resin group, and score 2 was more [9(45%)] for the Cention N group. Conclusion:The present study showed significantly less microleakage associated with the nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer group than nanocomposite resin and Cention N groups. Clinical significance: Since many years, dentists have encountered a challenging problem with cervical lesions. Thus, an interdisciplinary treatment approach is the appropriate option in the management of carious teeth that involve gingival recession and cervical extension.

A micro-computed tomography evaluation of the change in volume of different bulk-fill composite materials caused by polymerization shrinkage

“…The primary aim in the restoration of dental tissues is the coverage of the dental tissue that is exposed following removal of the dental decay (1,2). The restoration will provide the necessary tightness around the edges to prevent leakage, recurrent caries and potential pulp damage which may occur (3).…”

“…Microleakage is defined as the penetration of fluid, bacteria, molecules, and ions that cannot be clinically determined between the cavity wall and the restoration (10). As a result of this type of microleakage, there is discoloration of the restoration, sensitivity in the tooth, the formation of recurrent caries, and eventually failure of the restoration (2).…”

“…Previous studies of microleakage analyses have presented valuable information about restorative materials and the techniques used. Various methods have been used for the evaluation of microleakage, including the staining method, micro-computed tomography (µCT), scanning electron microscope, radioactive isotopes, air pressure, neutron activation analysis, and bacteria activity analysis (2). Compared to other methods, µCT has several advantages.…”