Assessment of mitral regurgitation by biplane transesophageal color Doppler flow mapping.

Yoshida, Kiyoshi; Yoshikawa, Junichi; Yamaura, Yasuko; Hozumi, Takeshi; Akasaka, Takashi; Fukaya, Takashi

doi:10.1161/01.cir.82.4.1121

Cited by 145 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The left atrial dimension obtained from transthoracic echocardi ography was 39 ± 5 mm. Five patients had mild-to-mod- erate mitral regurgitation assessed quantitatively by trans esophageal echocardiography [10], LAA Flow (table 2) The major LAA outflow and inflow were always found with the preceding P wave. The minor LAA flow was observed in 10 patients during the early diastolic phase independent of the P wave ( fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left Atrial Appendage Blood Flow Determined by Transesophageal Echocardiography in Patients with Complete Atrioventricular Block

Lin

Chen

et al. 1996

Cardiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Function of the left atrial appendage (LAA) represented by LAA outflow is an important predictor for thrombus formation in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation, but the pattern of LAA flow in patients with complete atrioventricular (AV) block has rarely been studied. Twenty-one patients with complete AV block and an implanted WI or WIR pacemaker were studied with transesophageal echocardiography. The LAA outflow velocity obtained during the ventricular diastolic phase was significantly higher than that obtained during the ventricular systolic phase (41.5 ± 6.0vs. 34.9 ± 9.7cm/s; p < 0.001). The LAA inflow velocity obtained during the ventricular diastolic phase was also significantly higher than that obtained during the ventricular systolic phase (29.9 ± 7.8 vs. 26.4 ± 5.3 cm/s; p < 0.01). In addition, the LAA outflow and inflow velocity time integrals during the ventricular diastolic phase were significantly higher than those during the ventricular systolic phase (4.66 ± 0.96 vs. 4.08 ± 1.05 cm, p < 0.01, and 2.81 ± 0.77 vs. 2.56 ± 0.65 cm, p < 0.05, respectively). Thus, due to both diastolic augmentation of the LAA flow related to active atrial contraction and minor early diastolic LAA flow formation, left ventricle diastolic function might have some influence on LAA flow. This may have implications for the pathogenesis of LAA thrombi in left ventricular dysfunction.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left Atrial Appendage Blood Flow Determined by Transesophageal Echocardiography in Patients with Complete Atrioventricular Block

Lin

Chen

et al. 1996

Cardiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The severity of mitral regurgitation was graded by the area of the regurgitant jet with transesophageal color Doppler flow echocardiography [12, 13, 14]. Patients were grouped according to the presence of significant mitral regurgitation defined by maximal regurgitant area >6 cm 2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of the Flow Patterns among the Four Pulmonary Veins as Assessed by Transesophageal Echocardiography: Influence of Significant Mitral Regurgitation

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims: To evaluate the correlation of the flow patterns of the four pulmonary veins as assessed by transesophageal echocardiography and the influence of significant mitral regurgitation on this correlation. Methods and Results: Eighty-eight patients with normal sinus rhythm and variable underlying cardiovascular diseases underwent transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic studies. Doppler flow of the four pulmonary veins could not be adequately interpreted in 19 patients (22%). The left atrial dimension of these patients was significantly larger than that of the patients with complete study of the flow in the four pulmonary veins (49 ± 6 vs. 43 ± 7 mm; p < 0.05). Of the 69 patients with complete evaluation of the four pulmonary veins, 48 patients without significant mitral regurgitation were analyzed as group A, and the remaining 21 patients as group B. The peak systolic and diastolic forward flow velocities of the four pulmonary veins were measured and the ratio of peak systolic (S) to diastolic (D) flow velocity was calculated. Group A had a significantly larger S/D ratio in all four pulmonary veins than group B (p < 0.05 in each pulmonary vein measurement). There was good correlation of the flow pattern represented as S/D ratio between left upper and lower pulmonary veins (r = 0.90) and between right upper and lower pulmonary veins (r = 0.89) in group A. The correlation of the flow pattern among the four pulmonary veins deteriorated in group B. Conclusion: Pulmonary veins on the same side share rather similar flow patterns in comparison with pulmonary veins on the opposite sides. The correlation of flow patterns among the four pulmonary veins is good in subjects without significant mitral regurgitation, but it worsens in patients with significant mitral regurgitation. Therefore, cautious interpretation of flow patterns of the four pulmonary veins in patients with significant regurgitation is indicated for grading the severity of mitral regurgitation.

show abstract

“…They also underwent a complete TEE examination utilizing standard methods [4] using a 5-MHz biplane transducer. An ECG lead was continuously monitored during the procedure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transesophageal Doppler Echocardiographic Pattern of Pulmonary Venous Flow in Severe Mitral Stenosis

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: Analysis of the pulmonary venous flow enables an evaluation of cardiac hemodynamics. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of severe mitral stenosis on the pulmonary venous flow both in sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation. Methods: We studied 38 patients with isolated severe mitral stenosis (mitral valve area index ≤0.75 cm²) by pulsed wave Doppler transesophageal echocardiography of the left upper pulmonary vein. Twenty-six patients (68%) were in sinus rhythm and 12 (32%) in atrial fibrillation. Results: The peak systolic flow velocity was significantly lower in atrial fibrillation patients with blunted systolic flow pattern in 67%, while the normal flow pattern with higher systolic-to-diastolic flow ratio was found in 69% of sinus rhythm patients. Pulmonary venous flow was significantly delayed in its onset and termination with atrial fibrillation compared to sinus rhythm even after correction for heart rate (p < 0.02, p < 0.04, respectively). The pulmonary venous peak systolic flow velocity showed a significant negative correlation with the mean pulmonary pressure (r = –0.424, p = 0.011). Finally, there was a correlation between the pulmonary venous diastolic pressure half-time and the peak mitral gradient (r = –0.327, p = 0.045), mean mitral gradient (r = –0.369, p = 0.022) and Doppler mitral valve area (r = –0.422, p = 0.008). Conclusion: Severe mitral stenosis is associated with a decreased pulmonary venous systolic flow and prolonged decay of the diastolic flow, and these changes are more marked in atrial fibrillation. These results can help to understand the hemodynamics of mitral stenosis and its interaction with the pulmonary circulation.

show abstract

Assessment of mitral regurgitation by biplane transesophageal color Doppler flow mapping.

Cited by 145 publications

References 29 publications

Left Atrial Appendage Blood Flow Determined by Transesophageal Echocardiography in Patients with Complete Atrioventricular Block

Left Atrial Appendage Blood Flow Determined by Transesophageal Echocardiography in Patients with Complete Atrioventricular Block

Correlation of the Flow Patterns among the Four Pulmonary Veins as Assessed by Transesophageal Echocardiography: Influence of Significant Mitral Regurgitation

Transesophageal Doppler Echocardiographic Pattern of Pulmonary Venous Flow in Severe Mitral Stenosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About