Assessment of Mosquito Collection Methods for Dengue Surveillance

Abstract

Several methods exist to collect and assess the abundance of dengue vector mosquitoes, i.e., morning adult collection, pupal collection, ovitraps, human landing, and larval collection. Several of these methods are officially implemented to monitor mosquito density and make decisions on treatments for dengue control. This monitoring is also constrained by the need to conduct this assessment on a “one point/one day” process, meaning that once the threshold of 100 households is reached, the assessment is made, and the collectors teams move to another place, thus preventing the use of long-term sampling methods. This diversity of methods might be a source of variability and lack of statistical significance. There is also a lack of published data regarding the efficacy of these methods. Furthermore, the Stegomyia indices are shown to be not reliable for assessing the risk of dengue outbreaks. A mosquito survey was, thus, conducted in 39 locations corresponding to 15 dengue endemic provinces in Indonesia by using the different adult and larval collection methods recommended nationwide. A total of 44,675 mosquitoes were collected. The single larva method was the most efficient. Out of a total of 89 dengue-positive pools, the most frequently encountered virus was DENV2, which made up half of the positive samples, followed by DENV3 and DENV1, respectively. Factor analysis of mixed data showed that no correlation could be found between any methods and the presence of dengue virus in mosquitoes. Moreover, no correlation could be found between any methods and the incidence of dengue. There was no consistency in the efficacy of a given method from one site to another. There was no correlation between any of the parameters considered, i.e., method, incidence of dengue, location, and the presence of dengue virus in mosquitoes.

Potential Way to Develop Dengue Virus Detection in Aedes Larvae as an Alternative for Dengue Active Surveillance: A Literature Review

“…This limitation was due to the larva’s ability to escape rapidly from sight and its capacity to remain submerged for a long period [ 48 ]. Moreover, vector surveillance is usually conducted for a short period, and sampling techniques have not been standardized among surveyed areas, so the data collected varied and could generate biases [ 44 , 49 ]. Several studies comparing the correlation between mosquito surveys and larvae surveys with dengue incidence showed that mosquito surveys could provide more accurate data to predict impending dengue outbreaks, both spatially and temporally [ 45 , 50 ].…”

Diversity of disease-carrying mosquito vectors in potential areas of dengue fever in Palembang City, South Sumatra, Indonesia

“…This mosquito breeding place is in a pool of water accommodated in a place or container (Triwahyuni et al 2020). Humidity, environmental conditions, and rainfall have a significant influence on the incidence of DHF, where increased rainfall and humidity are in line with the increase in cases of DHF (Garjito et al 2021;Ghiffari et al 2021;Attaullah et al 2023). According to Alfiyanti and Siwiendrayanti (2021), the distribution of DHF cases is more prevalent in low-altitude plains and areas of high population density.…”

The Evaluation of the Aedes Albopictus Entomological Index Based on the Topography to Compute the Essential Requirements for Dengue Transmission Surveillance in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand

“…Mosquito samples were collected once a month and twice a day, between 9:00 and 11:00 a.m. and 1:00 and 2:30 p.m. The sticky pad (square paper pad: 20 cm x 20 cm) method and the sweep net (30 cm in diameter) method were used to capture adult mosquitoes 26,27 . The data were collected by imagining a star-shaped walking route with five points and multiplying it by five to find the center of a circle (5 m in diameter) using a GPS (UTM) device.…”