Assessment of mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of Solanum paniculatum L. extracts using in vivo micronucleus test in mice

Abstract

Solanum paniculatum L. is a plant species widespread throughout tropical America, especially in the Brazilian Savanna region. It is used in Brazil for culinary purposes and in folk medicine to treat liver and gastric dysfunctions, as well as hangovers. Because of the wide use of this plant as a therapeutic resource and food, the present study aimed at evaluating the mutagenic and cytotoxic effects of S. paniculatum ethanolic leaf and fruit extracts using the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. Our results indicate that neither S. paniculatum ethanolic leaf extract nor its ethanolic fruit extract exhibited mutagenic ef fect in mice bone marrow; however, at higher doses, both extracts presented cytotoxic activity.Keywords: mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, Solanum paniculatum L., micronucleus, mice. Avaliação da mutagenicidade e citotoxicidade de extratos de Solanum paniculatum L. usando o teste do micronúcleo in vivo em camundongos ResumoSolanum paniculatum L., popularmente conhecida como jurubeba, ocorre em toda a América tropical, especialmente no Cerrado. No Brasil, é utilizada para fins culinários e na medicina popular para o tratamento de distúrbios gástricos e hepáticos, além de ressacas. Devido à grande utilização desta planta pela população como recurso terapêutico e alimentício, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as atividades mutagênica e citotóxica dos extratos etanólico das folhas e frutos de S. paniculatum utilizando o teste do micronúcleo em medula óssea de camundongos. Os resultados indicam que os extratos etanólicos tanto das folhas quanto dos frutos de S. paniculatum não apresentaram ação mutagênica em medula óssea de camundongos, porém, em doses mais elevadas, ambos os extratos exibiram atividade citotóxica.Palavras-chave: mutagenicidade, citotoxicidade, Solanum paniculatum L., micronúcleo, camundongos.

Solanum paniculatum L. Leaf and Fruit Extracts: Assessment of Modulation of Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity by Micronucleus Test in Mice

“…The leaf and fruit extracts of this plant have been previously evaluated by the bone marrow micronucleus test in mice and bacterial SOS Inductest in our laboratory, and the results showed that both assays presented high cytotoxic activity and absence of genotoxicity. 22 In the present study we observed that S. paniculatum ELE and EFE exerted differential effects related to the modulation of micronuclei induction when mice were exposed to MMC. Micronuclei separated from and in addition to the main nucleus of a cell are the results of acentric fragments or lagging chromosomes that fail to incorporate into either of the daughter nuclei during telophase of the mitotic cells.…”

“…9 Recently, using the in vivo micronucleus test in mice and the phage induction SOS Inductest in bacterial strains, our research team was able to demonstrate the absence of genotoxic activity of S. paniculatum leaf ethanolic extract (ELE) and fruit ethanolic extract (EFE); however, cytotoxicity was demonstrated in both extracts. 22 Plants have been widely used as food and for medicinal purposes in different cultures. Currently, the interest in phytomedicinal products has increased worldwide because they can be used against several illnesses, including cancer.…”

Isolation and evaluation of anticancer efficacy of stigmasterol in a mouse model of DMBA-induced skin carcinoma

“…In this respect, evaluation of the genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of these plant products is extremely important. 5 Phytosterols are triterpenes closely resembling cholesterol in both structure and function. They are insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents.…”

Protective effects of steroidal alkaloids isolated from Solanum paniculatum L. against mitomycin cytotoxic and genotoxic actions

“…Recently, using the in vivo micronucleus test in mice and the SOS inductest in bacterial strains, our research team was able to demonstrate the cytotoxic activity as well as the absence of genotoxicity of S. paniculatum leaf and fruit crude extracts (Vieira et al 2010a). Additionally, the antigenotoxicity was demonstrated only in the ethanolic leaf extract (Vieira et al 2010b).…”